Human body IMMUNOLOGY(part-2)

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Topic-Innate immunity And Acquired.

#Innate (Non-specific)immunity:

Defination:Innate immunity is the resistance of the body against antigen that exists prior to exposure to the antigen

i.e.it is inborn. It is non-specific.

Components of innate immunity:

a) Mechanical/Physical Factors:

1. Anatomical barriers:

-Keratin layer of intact skin.

-Intact mucous membrane of different organs.

-Bony encasements.

2. Mechanical removal:

-Mucus and cilia.

-Coughing and sneezing reflexes → expel trapped foreign substances.

-Vomiting and diarrhoea.

-The physical flushing action of body fluids.

b)Chemical Factors:

1. Pattern-recognition receptors.

2. Antigen non-specific antimicrobial chemicals:

-Low pH of stomach and vagina inhibits growth of many microbes.

-Fatty acids of skin inhibit growth of micro-organisms.

-Acid pH of sweat and sebaceous secretions Lysozyme in tears, nasal secretions and saliva cell wall.

-Spermine and zinc in the semen are bactericidal.

-Lactoperoxidase in milk has bactericidal action.

3. Antigen non-specific antimicrobial cytokines.

c) Biological Factors (cellular & soluble factors):

1)The complement system:

-The lectin complement pathway.

-The alternate complement pathway.

2) Cells involved in body defense:

-Defense cells in the blood (leucocytes).

-inhibitory to microorganisms.

-degrades peptidoglycan of bacterial

-Defense cells in the tissue (macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells etc.).

-Normal flora can compete with pathogenic bacteria for nutrients and also produce antimicrobial substance.

#Acquired (Specific) immunity:

Defination:Acquired immunity is the resistance of the body against antigen that occurs after exposure to an antigen.

It improves upon repeated exposure, and is specific.

Components of Acquired immunity :

  • Antibody

  • Cells: -Basophil, activated T-cell,Macrophage,Eosinophil,Basophil

*I will continue this Topic in my next Acrtile **

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Comments

I really like your article. Your information too good. Human life is the most important information. Thanks your article bro thanks for the publish.

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4 years ago

I am soo much pleased to Having you comment.please stay connected with us.in Sha Allahwe will Help you in Furute

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4 years ago

Thank for posting such an informative article regarding immunity. Keep it up. And all the best.

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4 years ago

Wellcome brother and keep us in your prayer. I m aslo pleased after reading your All article

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4 years ago

My pleasure brother @AbtahiRahid. You are doing very well in this platform as a new comer.

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4 years ago

All is by the Grace of Allah and thanks to read.cash also due to giving this platform to do this

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4 years ago

This information is really nice and useful in our society today it should be published nd spread round for everyone to see

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4 years ago

I so glad that You comment of my Article. Keep commenting. I will try to anser your Question

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4 years ago

Your article is very good. I like your topic. It very useful our society. All the best. Move on.

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4 years ago

Thank you So much for your precious Comment.For a better suggestion i would like to say that i habe wrote part-1 in this topic.you should check

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4 years ago

Nice article sir

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4 years ago

Thank You soo much brother,if you Have any question or Suggestion please Ask

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4 years ago

Very useful information to be used by many

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4 years ago

Thanks Brother...keep commenting And asking for more information

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4 years ago

i am also a zology student . And i ded learn this topic during my graduation years. Thks fir sharing

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4 years ago

Nice to know that.Did you complete your graduation? let me know about it when you are free to answer.

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4 years ago

No Brother i m still in the way to complete My graduation.Keep praying for me,in sha Allah i will graduate soon

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4 years ago

If brother do you Any query or question regarding this topic please Ask me

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4 years ago

Yeah brother that feel cery good That my article Helping some people In remembering Previous things.Thank for comment

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4 years ago

Nice article.. Keep writing

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4 years ago

Keep me in yoiur Prayer.i will defenitly write on It in furter article.Thank you for your precious Comment

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4 years ago

Thank you for this health tips. It is very important for everyone. I would like you to send the link to part 1 to me. Thanks.

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4 years ago

Yes Of course brother....You can find the part-1 just below the end of the this post thank You

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4 years ago

If you Can not find it please ask me.i will give you the Link

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4 years ago

This is useful in knowing the covid 19

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4 years ago

Thank you so Much for you Valueabke comment.yes i think people Should learn about this in this Situation

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4 years ago

I love this you article. I love anything that deals with health talk. I wish to become an health consultant so I can heal the world.

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4 years ago

I appreciate Your Comment.Thanks For Commenting.this is Really a Good thing that so many people loving my article

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4 years ago

Thiugh you said you loved my article since i m asking you uf you have any query about that please feel free to say

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4 years ago

Hi how are you, and what you hope something good to write lekhagula well thank you so much for posting a pretty good stay

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4 years ago

I m fine brother,what About you??sorry brother i did not understood what did you say in tha lat of comment

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4 years ago

Wow! 😮 You wrote about immunity. Good choice. Immunology is the part of body parts. Every people should increase their immunity by eating fresh and good foods 🙂

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4 years ago

Thanks for the suggestion,i m ssure this Will help other and me Also.i will love to take your Suggestion

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4 years ago

Wow article is more important and best information every human life. ..I really like your article post ..thanks your post ...

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4 years ago

Yes brother.Now during this lockdown we are connected with each other only through this Internet.so we have to share information like this

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4 years ago

Thanks for sharing this article.its really educative...can’t wait to read the next part of it.

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4 years ago

Innate immunity is the resistance of the body against antigen that exists prior to exposure to the antigen....thanks

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4 years ago

গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বিষয় গুলো কে মানুষ গুরুত্ব দিলে ব্যাপার টা অনেক ভাল লাগে।এই বিষয় টা নিয়ে সবার ভাল সম্মতি জানাচ্ছেন দেখে ভাল লাগল

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4 years ago

Your Comment have Won my heart.you told a truth.seriously when i see so many comment i feel the Same

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4 years ago

wow!! your performance is so good in read cash..keep updated with such things...do you know about herd immunity??please write something about these.

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4 years ago

Thanks Alot for Supporting me brother.i hope will ask me all your need question

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4 years ago

thanks bro for your explanation..It was really unknown things..hope you will post about another interesting thing in your next article

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4 years ago

I am also happy to answer your question. If you have any other questions, please do so.

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4 years ago

Here is the Anser of your Question Herd immunity is the protection from a infectious disease indirectly that happens when a large number of population is immunized r through vaccination or previous infection

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4 years ago

Tnx for your post. Because we learn many things from your post. It 's a very good idea.

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4 years ago

You are most wellcome.i am glad that you loved my article.stay connected

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4 years ago

মানব শরীর খুবই গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। শরীরকে সুস্থ রাখার জন্য আমাদের অনেক কিছু করতে হয়। এই পোস্টটার জন্য ধন্যবাদ। যার জন্য আমরা অনেক কিছু জানতে পারলাম।

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4 years ago

ধন্যবাদ আপু,জেনে খুশী হলাম যে আমার পোষ্ট পড়ে আপনি কিছু শিখতে পেরেছেন।আসলে আমার উদ্দেশ্যই এই ছিল

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4 years ago

আপনার যদি এই বিষয়ে কিছু জানার থাকে তাহলে অবশ্যই জিজ্ঞেস করবেন।আমি চাই সবাই এই বিষয়ে খুব ভাল করে জানুক

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4 years ago

আপনি কি ভাইয়া আমাকে সাহায্য করতে পারবেন,আমি এই বিষয়ে আরো জানতে চাচ্ছি তাইলে আমি কোন বই অনুসরণ করতে পারি?

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4 years ago

This Book is Used for 4 th year Medical studenta.But you can buy it if you are interested

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4 years ago

Actually i have wrote this Article as My style and pattern.but i have take the reference of "Lang Microbiology" Student Copy

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4 years ago