Philosophy in terms is a science where logic, methods, and systems will be used to study general to basic problems regarding various kinds of problems. Thus, philosophy is considered capable of playing a role in fostering critical thinking skills.
Before we discuss Philosophy in Building Critical Thinking in the Era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, we must understand what critical thinking is.
Critical thinking or critical thinking is a person's ability to think clearly and rationally, which includes a person's ability to think more reflectively and independently in analyzing a fact, organizing ideas, evaluating an argument, defending an opinion, making comparisons, drawing conclusions, and solving a problem. problem. Critical thinking is also a universal skill because it can improve verbal and analytical skills as well as self-reflection.
The Industrial Revolution 4.0 is an industrial revolution in the field of information technology. This industrial revolution started in England which gave rise to several technologies such as telecommunications, transportation, and machinery. Developments in this era bring a lot of changes that exist in various aspects of life which include various sophistication of science and technology. This industrial era is marked by the emergence of various online (digital) businesses. Technology is growing rapidly and innovation is becoming competitive in the market. Because in this industrial revolution era, various obstacles arise in terms of the gap between industries that depend on innovation and workforce readiness, because the workforce needed for industry 4.0 is expected to have the ability in the field of technology.
In addition to developments in the field of technology, this industrial revolution also fosters knowledge that is useful for humans. One example of knowledge is Skill (self-strength). Because the industrial revolution 4.0 is an era that emphasizes patterns, artificial intelligence, digital economy, big data, and robotics.
As the industrial revolution 4.0 goes on, skill development (self-strength) is one of the abilities that is needed by every human being, especially the younger generation. One of the things that can be done as a start in starting self-skill development is to integrate abilities such as Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, and Language Skills in the field of education for both students and students. Critical Thinking is one of the skills that humans have in thinking critically about a problem. Problem Solving is one of the human abilities in overcoming or solving problems in the surrounding environment and Language Skill is one of the human abilities in national and foreign languages by the rules used in communicating with others and when public speaking.
Ability in Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, and Language Skill is one of the soft skills components that are needed today because their existence is very important for human life. For example, language skills can help humans communicate with foreigners because the world is now more open without boundaries or what we usually call globalization. Furthermore, Critical Thinking or critical thinking can help humans to analyze various problems from various aspects of life. Because Critical Thinking will bring up a variety of creative and innovative thinking. In addition, problem-solving is also very important in helping humans overcome various problems in life due to technological developments that bring certain problems. Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, and Language Skills must be integrated into the education curriculum in Indonesia to be able to promote the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0.
Humans in fulfilling their needs and desires cannot be separated from the influence of their soul so that they need critical thinking to make it happen and not get caught up in their greed. Ibn Sina once said that human nature depends on the human soul which affects itself. No human does not want to live in happiness, but it is not easy to achieve it. Therefore, critical and deeper thinking is one way to achieve it, because critical thinking will be able to reach the truth. So that you will not be fooled in life in this world.
Critical thinking or critical thinking is a process of human activity that is very positive, emotive, and rational whose manifestations vary according to the context. Philosophy in essence not only teaches humans to think critically but also to think more deeply (radically). Rationalism and empiricism are examples of two schools that teach people to think critically. Cogito is one method that can be used to build people in critical thinking that starts from doubt to certainty. Critical thinking or critical thinking needs to be trained and built as early as possible to increase creativity and reasoning power. Thus, in realizing this, philosophy plays an important role in building critical thinking in this era of industrial revolution 4.0.
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We need critical thinking to come up with better decisions. We may not know it but we use this method in every aspect of our lives not only in education. In this pandemic times, we have utilized this more than ever.