The family is a social organization where husband and wife live permanently by the rules and regulations of the society and give birth and nurture children. Intimate and close communication between family members builds emotional unity and introduces a common culture where they play their respective roles in the family. In a word, a family is a social group or organization with common housing, financial support, and child production. The family occupies a place in social life, where the individual is born and lives until death.
The family is one of the oldest organizations in society. It performs a variety of tasks to meet different social needs according to other organizations. The family survives by performing various functions. Since ancient times, most of the work of the society has been done in the family.
Biological function: The family has many basic functions. Through this, mankind is gaining stability and reproduction. This is the biological work of the family. In primitive times, when people lived together, free sex was common among them. Over the ages, this form of sexual life has evolved into a family and is now a single marriage. The sexual desires of men and women are allowed to be satisfied in a socially-recognized way through the marriage system within the family organization. Also, the family performs another biological function, that is, gives birth to children. Although this work of the family was considered very important in the primitive age, in the present age some modern families are refraining from giving birth or taking precautionary measures so that fewer children are born.
Economic function: To support the family, income and production have to be made and it is distributed among the family members. Some part of the income is also kept for bad luck. Life insurance, investment in industry, business, land purchase or job, etc., all have to be saved. These income-expenses and savings are mainly included in the economic activities of the family. In primitive society, wife and children are considered as resources. Because the wife and children were the means of earning money. Rural households are more closely related to the production system than households in industrialized societies.
Educational function: The family is the child's primary school. The primary responsibility of the family is to socialize with the children. It is the family's responsibility to teach the child the basics of manners, manners, and practical life. Within the family, the child carries out educational work before being admitted to the school. This requires an ideal parent. According to child education experts, leaving the responsibility of educating children in the hands of inexperienced parents means building a crippled society and nation for the future.
Religious function: As the family is the center of primary education, the family members receive religious education from the family. For example, a member of a Muslim family has to follow the rules and customs of his family and perform religious rituals like other members of the family. Otherwise, family members cannot be bound together.
Recreational function: Family members can take the rest of their working life through various sports in their leisure time and get rid of the monotony of life. For example, children play in the family, adults talk in the family and everyone spends leisure time in the family.
Psychological function: Every family has a psychological role. The family is the only center of mental anguish. The family will survive in human society, at least for psychological reasons, not for any other reason. For example, while treatment for drug addiction is common, the role of the family is paramount.
Political function; The family also does some political work. One of the tasks of the family is to raise children as suitable citizens. Comparing the family with a state, it is understood that the father or mother is the head of the state called the family. In the family environment, the child learns to obey the orders of the head of the family, to acquire the idea of rights and duties among the family members, and to take the opinion of the appropriate members in making decisions. The family is the primary training center of a good citizen.
Functions of Socialization & Social Control: We can learn about various activities of socialization and social control from the family. Families play a vital role in controlling children's behavior. The socialization and social control work of the child starts from the first family. The family can be called the base of socialization.
Maintenance function of the family: The family plays a very important role in the maintenance and care of children. After birth, the family does various things to protect the children from various dangers. For example: to protect children if they are scared for various reasons if they are suddenly sick and injured in an accident. The family does a lot of work. The family also takes care of the elderly members of the family.
However, the above-mentioned activities are changing with the passage of time and social conditions. However, despite the change, the importance of the family will not diminish any day. It can be seen that the modern family performs various functions even though it does not perform as much as in the past. Therefore, it can be said without hesitation that the family has played a significant role in the past, is doing now, and will continue to do so in the future.
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