Logic is the systematic study of valid rules of inference, i.e. the relations that lead to the acceptance of one proposition (the conclusion) on the basis of a set of other propositions (premises). More broadly, logic is the analysis and appraisal of arguments Wikipedia
Fallacies are a repetition of usual errors that reduces the logic of your statement, personality, or engagement. When an argument or point lacks evidence for which such points are spoken, through records, the claim may not be adjudged to be true. This had been one reason a lot of people fell victim to particular courses even when they are innocent and right. I have been a victim and surely many other people too. To ensure you are considered a thoughtful individual, we should all thrive to avoid falling prey to the following fallacies:
Hasty Generalization
Giving a conclusion before collating all evidence that may be provided in solving a problem could be said to be hasty in nature. By this act, some innocent individuals have become prisoners for years before they are discovered to be innocent crimes. The consequences of the fallacy are demeaning to the victim. University students sometimes also generalize before finding enough facts to prove their facts. We should also not preempt what our closest pal can do. Get your facts before concluding.
Moral Equivalence
This fallacy type finds the similarity between minor wrongdoing with major crimes, proposing that both are equal. For example:
That Office Attendant is as heinous as Adolf Hitler
The writer is making a resemblance between someone who is doing his/her job judiciously with the accused actions of Adolf. This comparison is unfair, so unfair.
Genetic Fallacy
Here, the conclusion is based on the argument the where a person originates from is a determinant of his/her worth or character. I can't imagine myself reasoning in such a way, many people sti exhibits this trait, it is simply fallacious. For example:
Beetle (Volkswagen) is an evil car because it was designed by Adolf Hitler's men.
In this instance, the author is comparing the character of a car model with the people who built it. And they are not related by whatsoever means.
Ad Hominem
Attack on the character of a person instead of his/her opinions. You are beginning to wonder which place you fit in with these forgoing fallacies. It's so embarrassing to find out that what seems to be your strength is your weakness.
Bandwagon/ Ad Populum Appeal
Trying hard to make people change their minds pertaining some sort of idea. Getting them on the bandwagon is one typical example of an Ad Populum Appeal. Case study,
If you were a true African, you would support the freedom of people to dress the way they desire.
Here, the author equates being a true African with dressing where there is no inherent connection between the two.
Red Herring
This one involves the application of tactics that is employed to avoid key issues by opposing an argument rather than addressing it.
There are many other fallacies that people could be displaying believing is truth.
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