Do you know that the word algebra was derived from the title of a book? How about I also let you know that the term algorithm was coined from the name of an individual. The individual who wrote the book and from whose name algorithm was derived is none other than our second secret scientist. His name is
Abu Ja'far Muhammad Ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi.
He lived between 780 and 850 CE in Baghdad. He is popularly referred to as the father of algebra and in some circles as the grandfather of Computer Science. The latter for his contribution to the development of the concept of algorithm.
He was a scholar at the Bayt Al-Hikmah (House of Wisdom) in Baghdad. The scholars in this establishment engaged in the study of algebra, geometry, astronomy amongst others. They proffered practical applications of their knowledge to solving day to day problems.
Al-Khwarizmi was a proponent of the Hindu-Arabic system of numbers i.e. 1,2,3 in preference to the Roman numerical system for mathematical operations. He also encouraged the systematic use of the numeral Zero (0) as a place holder. These were contained in his book which was translated in Latin as Algoritmi de numero Indorum (Al-Khwarizmi on the Hindu Art of Reckoning).
He developed a procedure for solving linear and quadratic equations by balancing both sides of the equation. This was achieved by the removal of negative terms from the equation. This is summarised as completion (Al Jabr) and balancing (Al Muqabala). This was captured in his famous work aptly titled Hisab Al-Jabr W'al Muqabala.
He also addressed the rules for finding areas of figures as well as volumes of some shapes in the book. The book is regarded as the first on algebra and covered included practical applications such as distribution of land and salaries as well as inheritance.
Al-Khwarizmi is also credited with a notable work on Astronomy which comprised calendars, calculating true positions of the heavenly bodies amongst other relevant topics. He is also credited with an important piece on Geography which provided coordinates for 2402 places on earth. The book listed coordinates, water bodies, regions and provided maps as well as other vital geographical information. He is also reported to have written about the sun dial and astrolabe.
There you have it. The life and works of the father of Algebra in brief. Our next stop, TSS 3: Have you seen the light? Please watch this space.
See reference links below for further reading
MacTutor History of Mathematics
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Danke
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