What is Hacker

 hacking means gaining unauthorized access to the system. The people who provide this access, that is, perform this action, are defined as "hackers". When the word hacker is translated into Turkish, it is defined as "hacker". Although many hackers are against the hacker recognition, with the influence of the media, the definition of hackers has become used all over the world.

In fact, "hacking" means trying different methods to a system, identifying the vulnerabilities of the system and using these vulnerabilities to obtain a second way of access to the relevant system. Hackers are people who have technical knowledge and skills, who have proven their expertise in many areas such as systems, networks, software, and gain access to systems using electronic-based systems or the vulnerabilities of accounts on the Internet.

Hackers are referred to as expert programmers or network and systems masters in their community. They have a culture of decades that extends from the most primitive times of the internet world to the present. People who we originally call Hackers are known as computer masters who take into account the technical abilities that contribute to the development of systems by finding the vulnerabilities of the systems.

However, we cannot imagine a world in which everyone is well intentioned. Of course, there are also people who can gain unauthorized access to systems by using this knowledge, skills and experience maliciously, break the systems, steal data, copy, delete or commit similar cyber crimes. These people are defined as "crackers", ie hackers, instead of hackers. However, thanks to the media, people who commit cybercrime, damage data or break systems with bad actions are defined as hackers instead of crackers and are put on the same level with hackers. Naturally, hackers are colloquially referred to as malicious hackers or cybercriminals.

        What Do Hackers Do?

The main job of these people who are defined as hackers in the information world is to discover the back doors and vulnerabilities in the systems, to report these vulnerabilities against malicious people to the manufacturers and to contribute to the development of the systems. They earn a salary by working for a company or an institution in which they are in other professions.

In recent years, with the development of technology and the processing of information on electronic systems, we see that states have established salaried cyber armies to protect their own cyber security systems and employ these people with special abilities in special positions at the state levels.

Groups that call themselves hackers but are actually defined as malicious people rather than hackers are usually people who disrupt their computer systems and use their systems without permission for reasons such as earning income or satisfying ego.

The main difference between these two groups is as follows:

Well-intentioned hackers, defined as masters, produce things, do things and contribute to the development of information systems. Malicious hackers, that is, hackers, are people who want to break these systems or use the systems they have entered without permission for their bad deeds.

Hackers are generally divided into three groups.

Black Hat Hackers; As mentioned above, people who use their skills, knowledge and skills for malicious purposes such as cybercrime or ego satisfaction,
White Hat Hackers; Legal persons who develop the systems that we consider as masters and help companies or institutions by revealing weaknesses,
Gray Hat Hackers; Generally known as white hats, they are people who are defeated by their egos and sometimes focus on making money in a short way, breaking the systems outside of working hours and gaining income from these systems or damaging these systems. These people are people who stand in the middle wearing black or white hats according to their job.