False freedom, the oil conquest!

Hello my dear readers, Before starting to study vowels, and even from the womb, Venezuelan children begin to listen to their first history lesson "Our liberator is Simón Bolívar" and indeed, it is so. Our first republic began on April 19, 1810, as a result of a plebiscite against Captain General Vicente Emparan, in which it would later be dismissed by a Supreme Board and later, on July 5, 1811, independence was declared. The royalists not conforming to this declaration start the war and the first republic falls. After innumerable battles, later our Liberator Simón Bolívar would consolidate the emancipation of Venezuela that was under Spanish rule on June 24, 1821, in a battle that took place in the fields of Carabobo and where the patriot army sealed the victory. before the Spanish royal army.

Moving away from the times of wars and battles that would make up our second and third republics, we reached the fourth republic in 1830, which began with the separation of Venezuela from Gran Colombia and 50 years later the oil era would begin in our country, and with her the new conquest. In Venezuela, oil began to be exploited in 1875 and the oil industry was nationalized on August 29, 1975 under the first government of Carlos Andrés Pérez, it would enter into force on January 1, 1976, founding the Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA). However, before the nationalization of oil, the governments of the day would drag with them various foreign oil companies, where concessions to exploit, produce and refine Venezuelan oil were negotiated by various foreign investors.

Venezuela was at the time the second largest oil country in the world, only behind the United States. And the influx of foreign companies brought with it popular resentment and discord, the Venezuelan never accepted the mistreatment of foreign transnational companies that came to exploit the country's natural resources. Therefore, once the oil industry was nationalized, all foreign oil companies were replaced by Venezuelan subsidiaries of PDVSA, which would control the exploitation of hydrocarbons in Venezuela. However, in Venezuela there were still many resentful Venezuelans, including Hugo Chávez Frías, who by 1999 would become president of the republic. He stated that: "In the 1970s, during the first government of Carlos Andrés Pérez, there had been no nationalization, but rather an agreement between national and international elites to distribute the dividends from this resource" and the transnationals continued taking advantage of the Venezuelan oil rent.

In 1999, the course of political life in Venezuela changed with the government of Hugo Chávez Frías, this could be called the fifth republic. From that moment, the Venezuelan was poisoned with a speech of foreign invasion headed by foreign capitalists from the United States, which claimed that they kept most of the royalties from the Venezuelan state oil company and social security was not guaranteed for him. village. And the Venezuelan, tired of the wrong policies of the governments of the fourth, agrees to give a vote of faith to the new government proposal, in which it was intended to guarantee social security through a new sovereignty of the oil industry. Therefore, for the year 2001, the new Organic Law of Liquid Hydrocarbons comes into force, ensuring not only the reconfiguration of oil management, but also the establishment of the Bolivarian socialist system. In reality, the Venezuelan state company was expropriated at that time by the government of the day.

At first everything was going very well, the Venezuelan was comfortable with the new measures, the regime guaranteed the collection, administration and control of oil income taxes and guaranteed plans and social projects, in what would be called the Bolivarian socialist missions . However, and after the oil strike that occurred in 2002 in which the government managed to escape unscathed, the Chavista government undertook as a first step a series of expropriations in the oil sector such as the Orinoco Oil Belt, the internal transportation of fuel and more. of 70 companies in charge of everything related to the oil activity. In turn, he was in charge of firing more than 20 thousand trained and experienced workers who did not maintain the same political ideology, leaving a group of Venezuelans with little training in oil matters in charge of the state, which produced a low production bringing with it the increase in imports of goods and services. And later, the worst oil crisis in the state.

Petróleos de Venezuela went from more to less, the regime took it as if it were its own personal wallet to finance political campaigns and to support foreign regimes with the same ideology through donations, loans and exchanges. As in the case of Cuba, since the Barrio Adentro mission is carried out by Cuban doctors in exchange for oil for that country. Likewise, the role of Venezuela was so important for the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) that it had a great impact, generating supposedly strategic alliances with countries such as: Iran, Syria, Belarus, Russia, China, with the aim of increasing energy exploration, production and commercialization and where regional integration with foreign investment was proposed, under the name of joint ventures. And so it was that we were colonized again.

Today Venezuela is practically bankrupt. With a low production and with a public debt of 186% official figures issued by the BCV, and the dramatic decrease in its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Given the little information from official sources, the figures that are handled correspond to estimates from various international institutions and private consulting firms where it is estimated that: "The sum of the debt securities of the state and PDVSA would be around 125,000 million US $ ”And to that must be added the bilateral debt contracted with China and to a lesser extent that contracted with Russia, the one contracted with the World Bank and other multilateral organizations, data pertaining to the year 2018. Such indebtedness was made in the 2012 when the country went into recession and shortly after crude oil prices plummeted and PDVSA, unable to correct its production, began to stop paying. Most of the bonds issued in international markets have fallen into default, and to add to the shame, the Venezuelan state celebrates the arrival of ships loaded with gasoline to the country from Iran, when at one time we were the second largest oil producing country in the world .