Here's the continuation of the list of the Philippine Revolts, including a key figure who resisted conversion to Catholicism against the Spanish Empire.
Igorot Revolt of 1601
This was a religious revolt when an expedition was sent by Governor-General de Guzman with the aid of Padre Esteban Marin for the Igorots of the Cordillera Mountains to convert their religious views to Catholicism. The Igorots killed Marin since he tried to converse in their dialect to convince them to convert to the new religion.
The Governor-General sent a combined force of Spanish and Lumad soldiers. The revolt was crushed shortly as they made use of extreme measures and were executed.
The Chinese Revolt of 1603
Known as the Sangley Rebellion. Some would say it was a suspicion from Archbishop Miguel de Benavides that the Chinese plans to control the Philippines, but the reasons for starting this revolt were unclear. It was a massacre, followed by a tragedy after the Sangley people fled to Guagua, and fought back against the system.
I will have to dig deeper into what truly happened to this story, and will create an article about this.
Caquenga's Revolt of 1607
A babaylan (shaman or native priest) named Caquenga opposed Catholicism when a Dominican priest arrived in the province of Cagayan rebelled against the new religion. She gathered the people from their homes and fled to the mountains to unite with another village, and prepare for war.
They were eventually apprehended, but Caquenga's followers continued to fight, as they burned down a church, and spread their rebellion throughout the Cagayan province.
Tamblot Revolt
In 1621, on the island of Bohol, another babaylan named Tamblot (picture below) challenged a Spanish Priest, and the challenge was to produce rice and wine from a bamboo stalk. Tamblot won the challenge as he gains the people's trust, but the others remained faithful to their newfound religion and to our colonial masters.
This religious revolt ended on January 6, 1622. When Juan Alcarazo - Alcalde (Mayor) of Cebu assembles his expeditionary force to eliminate the native priest, both forces fought in the blinding rain. Tamblot and his followers died in battle.
Bankaw Revolt
The Tamblot Revolt was their main source of inspiration, and another religious revolt led by Datu Bankaw of Carigara, Leyte. Bankaw accepted Miguel Lopez de Legazpi as his guest when he arrived in 1565. Baptized as a Catholic, but he abandoned this faith in later years.
A babaylan named Pagli built a temple for a diwata (goddess), then used magic to attract followers, and claimed that they could turn the Spaniards into clay. Governor-General de Entenza sends Alcarazo again to suppress the rebellion. Bankaw's head was piked on a bamboo stake and displayed to the public as a warning to everyone who wants to oppose the empire.
Itneg Revolt (1625-1627)
Known as the Mandaya Revolt, and another religious revolt. Led by Miguel Lanab and Alababan, both of them were previously baptized as Catholics against their will, as they hunt down two Dominican Missionaries: Padre Alonzo Garcia & Onofre Palao, who were sent by the colonial government to convert the Itneg people to Catholicism.
Padre Garcia's body was cut into pieces as they fed him to a herd of pigs. Followed by encouraging their townsfolk to loot, desecrate images, churches set on fire, and escape within the mountains. The revolt ended in 1627, declaring their forced surrender.
Sultan Kudarat: the Sultan who resisted conversion to Catholicism
Better known as Sultan Muhammad Dipatuan Kudarat. An Iranun nobleman, a direct descendant of Shariff Kabungsuwan. He rose to the ranks as he earned the royal title Kachil (young prince), and succeeded his father as the 7th Sultan of Maguindanao (1619 - 1671).
He began his conquest to liberate the islands against Spanish rule, including Manila from 1633 to 1636 with only 2 objectives: destroy Spanish influence, then liberate the people of Luzon & Visayas under Spanish imperialism. He experienced his first defeat when the City of Lamitan was fallen from the expeditionary force of Captain-General Corcuera.
He even experienced the betrayal of his fellow leaders when they aided the Spaniards to capture Lamitan. The Sultan delivers a speech to re-awaken their senses and realize the consequences of their actions, as he declares war against the empire in 1656.
His contributions were recognized by our late Pres. Ferdinand Marcos, as the government issued the Letter of Instruction 126, a commemorative stamp to honor the Sultan against Spanish domination for over 400 years. Up to this day, Sultan Muhammad Dipatuan Kudarat is still remembered by the people of Mindanao, and by the Filipino People.
