Abstract
The basic education curriculum in the Philippines contains mother tonguebased multilingual education, universal kindergarten, college and livelihood readiness and specialized upper secondary education. The curriculum also features spiral progression and contextualization and enhancement, which helps make the curriculum more relevant to the students.According to Sec. of Education Raul Roco, the 2002 BEC was based on a 16- year study (starting in 1986).The implementation of the 2002 Basic Education Curriculum was announced in DepEd Order No. 25,s. 2002, issued on June 17, 2002.The actual implementing guidelines were found in DepEd Order No. 43, s. 2002, dated Aug. 29, 2002.Less than a year later, a new curriculum was signed into law.Implementation of RBEC was based on Executive Order No. 46, which in turn was based on the recommendations of the Philippine Commission on Educational Reforms (PCER), created on Dec. 7, 1998."The restricting of the curriculum is part of an ongoing effort to improve the quality of learning. We are focusing on the basics of improving literacy and numeracy while inculcating values across learning areas to make it dynamic." (Paul Roco). The 2002 BEC is a restricting and not a sweeping change of the elementary and secondary curricula.Greater emphasis on helping every learner become a successful reader. The following are the features of the BEC:(1)Emphasis on interactive/ collaborative learning approaches.(2)Emphasis on the use Of integrative learning approaches.(3)Teaching of values in all learning areas.(4)Development of self-reliant and patriotic citizens.(5)Development of creative and critical thinking skills.
Secondary EducationCurriculum (SEC),At the secondary level, a critical reform is in the area of curriculum and instruction as an urgent response to declining school performance. After a four year try out in a number of school nationwide, SEC was the. ready for role out in the first year (sy 2010-2011)- First Year Level(SY 2011-2012) ā Second Year Level (sy 2012-2013) - Third Year Level (sy 2013-2014) - Fourth Year Level.The main tenet of the curriculum is understanding versus facts. Students must understand, not just memorize facts.The refinement of the curriculum followed the Understanding by Design framework (developed by Jay MCtighe and Grant Wiggins) which offers a three stage, backward process to curriculum design. Hence, It is also known as Backward Design Curriculum.This implores to think about the outcomes we had for student learning first and then plan instruction and develop curriculum to close the gap between what the students already know and what they need to know.These are Special Curricular Programs: (SPA) Special Program in the Arts. (SPS) Special Program in the Sports. (SPJ) Special Program in Journalism. (SPFL) Special Program in Foreign Language. (ESEP) Science Education Program. (Tech-Voc) Technical-Vocational Program
K to 12 (also K-12) is an education system under the Department of Education that aims to enhance learners' basic skills, produce more competent citizens, and prepare graduates for lifelong learning and employment. "K" stands for Kindergarten and "12" refers to the succeeding 12 years of basic education (6 years of elementary education, 4 years of junior high school, and 2 years of senior high school).The K-12 program offers a decongested 12-year program that gives student to master skills and absorb basic competencies.Students of the new system will graduate at the age of 18 and will be ready for employment, entrepreneurship, middle level skills development, and higher education upon graduation.The K-12 program accelerates mutual recognition of Filipino graduates and professionals in other countries. Kindergarten is mandatory for five-year-old children, a pre-requisite for admission to Grade 1.The new curriculum gives students the chance to choose among three tracks and undergo immersion, which provides relevant exposure and actual experience in their chosen track.
Basic Education Curriculum
Through the recommendation of Philippine comission on Educational Reform, The primary focus to Basic Education Curriculum is to cure the inability of students who can not read with comprehension. This incudes tecahing mathematics is shifted from spiral system to a discipline based model. Elementary algebra is taught in the first year, Intermediate Algebra in second year abd Geometry in the third year.
2010 Philippine Secondary Curriculum
This curriculum focuses on teaching and learning. The DepEd Memorandum 16s. 2010 requires teachers to organize their lessons starting with the end in mind. Students' learnung is assessed by observing the Students' performance. By means of this , Activities are designed according to the performance. The weakness of this curriculum is that misunderstandings are exaggerated interpretations of the principles. Some teachers thought that all six tenets of understanding identified in the framework need to be used in all classroom assessments. Some teachers were also told that concepts cannot be directly taught and should arise from student's explorations.
K to 12 Program
In 2011, the DepEd has get on the Kto12 program. Some significant changes include (1) expansion of the basic education cyvle from 10 to 12 years, (2) the use of the Mother-Tongue Based Multilingual Education in Grades 1-3, and (3) the opportunities for academic, technical-vocational or entrepreneurship was rolled out in Grade 1 and 7 classrooms in 2012, in Grade 2 and 8 in 2013 and so on, until all students hace same curriculum by 2017.
Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE)
The use of english in mathematics has long been blamed for poor mathematics performance. Tjis statement is hardly surprising given that many Filipinos are not proficient in English. Many university students, who have already undergone atleast 10 years of educationin English, Still have not acquired the English learning competencies exoected of a highschool graduate. A lot of studies have also shown how Filipino students perform better in tests written in their first language as comoared to the same tests in English. A curriculum is evaluated based not on its articulated outcomes but on how it is imolemented in classrooms. Unfortunately, Imolementation is often fraught with problems, heading to considerable waste of time, effort and resources. It is a serious area of concern, especially in a developing country like the Philippines where resources are scarce and curricular reforms are often sourced externally.