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Date:1 May 2022

Aurora is a natural phenomenon that emits light caused by high-energy particles from the sun's solar wind interacting with the Earth's magnetic field. The aurora phenomenon is generally caused by the interaction of the solar wind with the earth's magnetic field.

To be able to see this phenomenon, most often near the poles. If you ever visit the border of the United States and Canada or somewhere further north, you might be able to see the aurora at night.

The following is an explanation of the causes of the aurora and the process of its occurrence, unique and beautiful natural phenomena and see the full review below.

The process of the occurrence of the aurora

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Aurora as light that is formed from the air caused by atoms and molecules colliding with charged particles, especially electrons and protons originating from within the sun. Particles thrown by the sun at a speed of more than 500 miles per second will be sucked in by the Earth's magnetic field which is around the North Pole and South Pole.

The colors that occur in the aurora are due to the collision of different particles and molecules as well as atoms. As in the green aurora, which is made between the collision of electron particles and nitrogen molecules. The bright red aurora occurs due to collisions between electron particles and oxygen atoms. The most important part of the aurora mechanism is the solar wind or solar wind.

Causes of the aurora phenomenon

As a beautiful natural phenomenon, the aurora can occur due to several factors. These factors include:

1. Sun Spot

Sunspots are dark, cold areas on the sun's surface called the photosphere and are one of the sun's unique phenomena. The photosphere includes several parts of the sun. This Sun Spot can be very large, about 50,000 kilometers. The existence of the Sun Spot is due to the imperfect interaction of the sun's magnetic field.

2. Magnetic field poles

The polar region is the center of the Earth's magnetic field. When particles enter and are trapped in the Van Allen Belt, these particles will be carried by the wind to the poles of the earth's magnetic field. This condition is the reason the aurora phenomenon only occurs at the poles.

3. Particles Protons and Electrons

Protons and electrons are the elements that make up atoms. Protons are located in the nucleus of the atom, while electrons are outside the atomic layer.

Protons and electrons are carried by the solar wind. In this layer the position of the aurora light occurs. That is the reason why the aurora occurs at high altitudes.

Type of aurora

Aurora also has its own type based on where it appears. Here are some types of aurora that you need to know:

1. Aurora Borealis

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Aurora Borealis is one of the types of aurora that occurs in the northern area. This type of aurora is named after the Roman goddess of dawn, Aurora, as well as the Greek name for the north wind, Boreas.

Please note, in Europe the aurora is often seen reddish in the northern horizon as if the sun was about to rise from that direction.

The aurora borealis occurs between late August and early April. Aurora Berealis can be seen in Antarctica such as Northern Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.

2. Aurora Australis

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Aurora Australis is a type of auroral phenomenon that occurs in the southern hemisphere. So it's no wonder the name is like a country near the south pole, namely Australia.

Those are some explanations about the aurora, there is no doubt that this is the most beautiful natural phenomenon in the world that we can enjoy.

• Lead image from unsplash.

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