Greetings Community, this Report deals with the Psychosocial Risk Factors that affect the Occupational Stress of Personnel, which depending on the exposure of psychosocial risk factors: ergonomic, physical, chemical and biological, diseases related to the work stress such as mental, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, social and organizational problems.
Occupational diseases related to psychosocial factors can appear in any productive sector, with a greater probability of occurrence in the service sector, as it is a great generator of employment, with forms of contracting, outsourcing, which increases the complexity of work relationships as well points out the Manual of Psychosocial Risks in the World of Work. That is why when the worker begins to manifest a series of mood changes, absences from work, and repetitive health breakdowns, it represents a warning sign, which deserves attention, since this directly affects their performance and this in turn, in the productivity of the institution.
Work is often an essential part of life: it provides a source of income, self-esteem, status, social relationships, and provides a sense of achievement and integration. However, although many people get satisfaction from their jobs, for others it becomes a latent enemy that generates high levels of stress. When this appears, probably the number one psychosocial risk, which affects most organizations in our country and the world; that endangers job security and decreases the productivity of the company.
In all areas of life tensions are generated and when these stressful situations do not end, they become too great for the body, suffering serious wear, becoming a danger. To the previously described, García (2002), points out that stress "is one of the most important emerging risks and one of the challenges for safety and health that organizations must face"
Identification of Risk Factors
- Participation
- Involvement
- Responsibility
- Training
- Information,
- Communication
- Time Management
- Group Union
They represent the existence of a series of problems that are hindering the proper development of the organization from the psychosocial point of view. Hence, a more in-depth evaluation would be necessary to identify critical points and provide corrective measures to improve the situation. On the other hand, the Adequate rating for the Group Union indicator indicates a favorable situation from the psychosocial point of view, therefore it is recommended to investigate points of improvement that lead to a more appropriate situation.
Factor Participation, Involvement, Responsibility
In this sense, it could be evidenced that the deficient internal communication or nonexistence of it in the work-organizational environment is the main harmful behavior that harms the institution. Regarding this factor, which corresponds to autonomy, teamwork, initiative, control, rotation, supervision, enrichment of the task, it can be said that there is a situation of psychosocial risks. This denotes that the degree of autonomy of the worker to make decisions is hindering the adequate development of the organization from the psychosocial point of view.
Factor. Training, Information, Communication
Regarding the second factor corresponding to communication flows, recognition, training, isolation, job description, it is considered a level of low satisfaction. These results show that the degree of interest that the institution shows for the workers, the flow of information for the correct development of tasks is not well defined to guarantee the optimal adaptation between the job and the person who occupies it. In this regard, the psychologist Herzberg cited by Newell (2006), had the criterion that “the level of performance in people varies depending on the level of satisfaction, that is, the worker's responses to the company will be different when this level is high or when it's low ”(p. 244).
Factor. Time management
In most of the workers, it could be observed that they have an inadequate level in terms of work pace, workload, autonomy and fatigue. It is then evident that there are critical points that suggest organizational changes.
Group Union
In the group union factor, it was possible to show that workers have an inadequate social climate, conflict management, cooperation and work environment. The influence of group union is manifested in a greater or lesser participation of its members and in conformity with the majority. What can be said that the group structure and the relationships that emerge between its members suggest deficiencies in the work environment that show little group union. According to Guillén and Gil (2007), they affirm that the opinions of the workers are conditioned to an accumulation of personal circumstances, focused on the acquisition of knowledge and skills to obtain higher levels of competitiveness and understanding of production processes within the organizational framework, therefore that, the group union will allow to achieve the goals, maintaining the sense of relevance and optimizing the work environment.
Recommendations
- To the Institutions as organizations committed to their workers, to review and permanently improve the management processes of direction, organization, planning, communication, leadership, supervision, technology, that project it as a dynamic entity in light of the new role of educational institutions smart.
- To the Occupational Health and Safety Departments, initiate prevention programs in occupational health in order to detect possible emerging psychosocial risks that affect the health of the worker and the organization.
- To the Human Resources Departments, synchronize the policies to be followed in conjunction with the Occupational Health and Safety Service, in order to contribute to improving the (physical) work environment and the organizational climate. Likewise, as far as possible, study the feasibility of including more immediate reward systems for the worker that stimulate their performance and the possibilities of professional development.
- The administrative staff, organize themselves to resume the conformation of the Hygiene and Safety Committee in order that they raise awareness about the psychosocial risk factors, and promote recreational activities, use of free time, rest, to have healthy work.
- To the Heads of Departments, encourage the participation of workers, from the organization, distribution and planning of tasks, making the worker aware of the importance of the task carried out through feedback.
- Provide clear and precise information on what to do, communicating their functions, competencies, powers, responsibility and autonomy.
- Pay attention to recognition, personal relationships, sensitivity to the personal problems of its workers, favoring contact between them.
The Priority Should Always Be Occupational Health And Safety.
Raosubterraneo
