Religion and oil are the main fuel of conflict in the Middle East.
Actually the Middle East conflict is very complicated and is always related to 3 things: Religion, Oil and Gas, and a foreign country.
Initially the Middle Eastern countries were countries that were still not good in terms of finance which was the authority of the Otoman Turkish Empire (Ottoman Caliphate).
Saudi Arabia was an autonomous Turkish region that rebelled with its leader Muhammad bin Saud (the father of the saud clan even though he was'nt the founder of the clan saud) then Muhammad bin Saud himself worked with Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab (father of the modern Wahabi and Salafi groups) to rebel against the Turks Otoman but unfortunately this rebellion failed several times and resulted in many of the leaders of the clan saud being sentenced to death by the Otoman Turks.
But in the future thanks to British assistance, the Saudi clan and Wahabi groups could compete with the Otoman Turks, even succeeding in independence when the Otoman Caliphate collapsed from within because it was a fortress lost in the first world war.
After the collapse of Otoman, many Middle Eastern countries freed themselves with the help of foreign countries such as Britain and France because at that time the spirit of Arab nationalism was rife.
While Turkey Otoman itself finally turned into a republic with its first president Mustafa Kemal Pasya (kemal ataturk).
During World War 2, the Middle East and the Soviet Union (part of the Caspian Sea and Siberia) played an important role in the distribution of oil and gas because these two regions weren't directly affected by the Second World War and had large oil reserves. That is why, under Hitler's leadership, Nazi Germany tried to control the Soviets to get a large supply of oil and gas to move their war machines.
Nazi Germany was beaten by the Soviet Union because of mistakes in Stalingrad and Leningrad.
On the other hand, America, Britain and France began to think the same thing, to move their big war machines, they had to separate oil and gas from the Soviet Union which had strong defenses, namely in the Arab countries where they helped their independence.
But these western countries used a different approach from Nazi Germany who wanted to rule the Soviet Union with war, Western countries only wanted to cooperate with Arab countries rather than mastering it through war because Western countries also experienced financial crisis due to the second world war .
On the part of the Arab countries themselves they are happy to accept cooperation from these western countries because even though they have large oil and gas resources, they still don't have the technology and human resources to mine and process them.
Finally, the US cooperated with Saudi Arabia to form the Aramco company (Oil-American-Arab Company) with 50% profit sharing in America and 50% Saudi Arabia.
While the British collaborated with Persia (later Iran) to form the company APOC (Anglo-Persian Oil Company) then changed again to AIOC (Iran-Iran Oil Company) which is an Iranian oil and gas company but controlled by the British-owned British Petroleum Company, later this has changed again because in the American protest IOP (Iranian Participants) which is a joint holding of many foreign oil and gas companies with shares which also have to be 50:50 like Aramco.
but unfortunately Britain wasn't honest and open in this division so that Iran felt they were lied to in oil and gas cooperation, this happened until the takeover of the Shah Pahlavi government by the Islamic republic of Iran under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini during the 1979 Iranian Islamic Revolution, which eventually formed the NIOC and expel all foreign oil and gas companies and control 100% of these oil and gas companies.
From here the beginning of Iran's feud with western countries and finally Iran together with the Shiite crescent countries switched to eastern countries such as Russia and China.
Conversely Saudi Arabia and other Arab league countries such as Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, etc. are getting closer to the West.
This dispute will heat up because it is finally known that Saudi Arabia and Iran have the largest oil and gas reserves that make Aramco (Saudi Arabia) and NIOC (Iran) companies compete to control world oil prices through OPEC.
not enough oil and gas war Saudi Arabia will also engage in an ideological war with Iran, because the two countries also have different Islamic ideologies where Saudi Arabia itself along with the majority countries of the Arab League and its leaders are Sunni Muslims who aren"t happy with Shia
On the other hand, Iran with Shiite sickle countries like Iraq, whose population is predominantly Shia Muslim, is also unhappy with Sunnis because they think the Sunni regime is oppressing them, as Sadam Hussein did.
In the future, disputes between oil and gas and differences in the flow of Islam is what makes the emergence of conflict in the Middle East, especially foreign countries such as America, Britain, the European Union, Russia, etc. Also involved in that.
At the end of all these problems raises 2 fortresses in the middle east namely: the Arab League stronghold with Saudi Arabian leaders supported by the Americans and British, against the Shiite crescent camps with Iranian leaders and supported by Russia (or possibly China too).
The two camps created proxy wars in the main Middle Eastern countries to destroy the oil and gas supply from their opposing camps such as:
1. Saudi Arabia and Qatar brought Sunni jihadists to be armed by America and assisted by Israel in Syria to overthrow the pro-Iranian government of Bashar al-Assad. Syria is important to control because Iran's oil and gas pipeline to Europe is here.
2. On the other hand, Iran with the help of Hezbollah and Al-Quds troops which received weapons support from Russia helped the Houthi Shiite rebels to overthrow the pro-Saudi Yemeni government, Yemen, especially the Bab el Mandeb Strait, important in the region because of the export gate Saudi Arabia's oil and gas to Asia, in addition to the hormuz strait which has been largely controlled by Iran.
Finally, this proxy war spread to other Islamic countries with the proliferation of anti-Shiite propaganda, anti-Wahhabism, anti-American, anti-Iran, anti-Israel, anti-Russian, anti-Chinese, anti-Jewish, anti-infidel , anti-non-Muslim, American-made isis made by Jews, Shiite-made isis, etc. although this war was originally a war of dominance of oil and gas and religion alone.
Reference sources:
https://mepc.org/journal/saudi-arabias-motives-syrian-civil-war
https://www.newstatesman.com/world/middle-east/2017/08/sunni-vs-shia-roots-islam-s-civil-war
https://www.mei.edu/publications/iran-backed-yemeni-rebels-fire-another-missile-saudi-arabia
https://armscontrol.org/act/2001-01/arms-control-today/russia-stands-decision-sell-arms-iran
https://thediplomat.com/2016/11/iran-and-russia-negotiating-10-billion-arms-deal/
https://en.radiofarda.com/a/iran-boosts-aide-to-hamas-to-360-million/30096338.html
https://www.saudiaramco.com/en/who-we-are/overview/our-history
https://oilprice.com/Geopolitics/International/The-End-Of-Syrias-Pipeline-War.html
https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/08/201285133440424621.html
https://www.saudiembassy.net/history
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-42008809
https://www.history.com/news/sunni-shia-divide-islam-muslim
https://www.bbc.com/news/50464561
https://energypost.eu/twenty-first-century-energy-wars-oil-gas-fuelling-global-conflicts/
https://theintercept.com/2018/06/29/syria-war-saudi-arabia-qatar/
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-34479929
https://www.businessinsider.com/how-hamas-got-rockets-and-training-from-iran-and-allies-2014-7?IR=T
Wikipedia source is more concise:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq%E2%80%93Syria_pipeline
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Aramco
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Iranian_Oil_Company
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_bin_Saud
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPEC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_industry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations
There is an ill-considered complacency in Western capitals and international oil centers like Houston and Singapore that market forces can handle any oil disruption crisis, no matter its size or duration.