Tibia

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Tibia is a typical long bone. Cause, it has 2 epiphysis & 1 diaphysis. It transmits body weight from femur to foot.

đŸ”ĨHas 3 ends: Upper end, Shaft & Lower end)

⭕ Upper end: has medial condyle, lateral condyle & tuberosity.

➡ī¸ Medial condyle has medial meniscus (oval shaped). It's function is to prevent friction. It faces injury more.

➡ī¸Lateral condyle has lateral meniscus (rounded).

🎉Meniscus is one type of fibro-cartilage)

🎉 Functions of meniscus:

-Deepens the articular surface

- transmits weight

- absorbs shock

-helps in gliding & angular movement

🎉 meniscus has a vascular structure which gets nutrition from Synovial fluid.

⭕ intercondylar area is situated between the two condyles.

🎉attachment from before backwards:

đŸ”Ĩ#mnemonic- āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻ•āĻžā§Ÿ āĻĒāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ–āĻ° āĻ°ā§‹āĻĻā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻāĻŽāĻŋ- Anterior horn of medial meniscus (āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ 'āĻ' āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ anterior & 'āĻŽāĻŋ' āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ medial)

āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ- Anterior cruciate ligament.

āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻ•āĻžā§Ÿ- Anterion horn of lateral meniscus.

āĻĒāĻ˛āĻŋ- Posterior horn of lateral meniscus

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋ- Posterior horn of medial meniscus.

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ–āĻ°- Posterios crutiate ligament.

⭕Tibial tuberosity:

āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° Upper smooth part āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ ligamentum patellae āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŸāĻŋ quardiceps femoris āĻāĻ° tendon āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ¸āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻ†āĻ° Lower rough part āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ subcutaneous, āĻļā§āĻ§ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° infrapatellar bursa āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ skin āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§ƒāĻĨāĻ• āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤

⭕Knee joint āĻ intra-articular structure, tendon of popliteus, āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤

⭕Shaft:

Shaft āĻāĻ° anterior border āĻāĻ° upper 2/3 āĻ•ā§‡ #shin āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ˛ā§‡ā§ŸāĻžāĻ° āĻ°āĻž āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻšā§‡āĻ¤ā§ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ°āĻž #shin_guard āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ 🎉Medial surface- āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻœāĻžā§ŸāĻ—āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡, āĻāĻ•āĻĻāĻŽ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ ā§Š āĻŸāĻŋ muscle inserted āĻšā§Ÿ-

-sartorius

-gracilis

-semitendinosus

āĻāĻĻā§‡āĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ #guy_ropes muscle āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ‡ ā§ŠāĻŸāĻŋ muslce thigh āĻāĻ° āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ ā§ŠāĻŸāĻŋ compartment āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ nerve supply āĻ“ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤

🎉Lateral surface:

āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° ā§¨/ā§Š āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻœā§ā§œā§‡ rise āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ Tibialis anterior.

🎉Nerve supply- Deep peroneal nerve.

āĻ†āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ• āĻ¤ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ‚āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ related (medial to lateral):

đŸ”Ĩ#mnemonics- āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻāĻ¸ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻāĻšāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽ āĻĒā§‡āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ°- Tibialis anterior

āĻšāĻžāĻāĻ¸-Extensor hallucis longus

āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ-Anterior tibial vessels

āĻĒāĻāĻšāĻž-Deep perineal nerve

āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽ-Extensor digitorum longus.

āĻĒā§‡āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡-Peroneus tertius

āĻŽāĻœāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻž? 😂

āĻšā§āĻŽ, āĻāĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻļ āĻŽāĻœāĻžāĻ°!

āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡ āĻšā§‹āĻ•, 🎉Posterior surface:

āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ oblique soleal line āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ—ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ line āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ soleus muscle..

Line āĻāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ Popliteus.

āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Line āĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡-

➡ī¸Medially - Flexor digitorum longus.

➡ī¸Laterally - Tibialis posterior muscle.

āĻāĻ‡ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‡ nerve supply āĻĻā§‡ā§Ÿ- Tibial nerve.

⭕Lower end:

One process (Medial malleolus)

5 surfaces (anterior, medial, posterior, lateral & inferior)

🎉ī¸Medial malloelus āĻāĻ° lower border āĻ deltoid ligament of ankle joint attached āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĨ¤

🎉Lower end āĻāĻ° inferior surface, foot āĻāĻ° short bones āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ§ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° Talus āĻāĻ° superior surface āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ joint form āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

🎉Tibia āĻ¤ā§‡ #subcutaneous āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ tibia āĻāĻ° āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻœāĻžā§ŸāĻ—āĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžā§Ÿ-

1ī¸âƒŖRough area of tibial tuberosity.

2ī¸âƒŖShin of the tibia.

3ī¸âƒŖMedial surface.

4ī¸âƒŖMedial malleolus. (Total 4 nos.)

🎉ī¸Tibia āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¸āĻŦ joints form āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡-

1ī¸âƒŖKnee joint- (Between two condyle of femur & two condyle of tibia)

Type-Condylar variety of synovial joint.

2ī¸âƒŖSuperior tibio-fibular joint- (Between posterior surface of lateral condyle, fibular facet & head of fibula)

Type- Plane type of synovial joint

3ī¸âƒŖMiddle tibio-fibular joint- (between two interoseous border of tibia & fibula) āĻāĻ‡ joint āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ gap āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° gap āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ anterior tibial vessels āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ anterior compartment āĻ āĻĸā§āĻ•ā§‡ & āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡āĻ° gap āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ perforrating branch of peroneal artery āĻ†āĻ¸ā§‡ anterior compartment āĻāĨ¤

Type- syndesmoisis type of fibrus joint.

4ī¸âƒŖInferior tibio-fibular joint- (between fibular notch of tibia & lower end of fibula)

Type- Syndesmoisis type of fibrous joint.

5ī¸âƒŖAnkle joint- (Between inferior surface of lower end of tibia & superior surface of talus)

Type: Hing type of synovial joint.

🎉Growing end- upper end..

💊Clinical:

Tibia āĻāĻ° lower 1/3rd āĻ poor blood supply.

āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡, non union of fracture common lower end āĻāĨ¤

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