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Tibia is a typical long bone. Cause, it has 2 epiphysis & 1 diaphysis. It transmits body weight from femur to foot.
đĨHas 3 ends: Upper end, Shaft & Lower end)
â Upper end: has medial condyle, lateral condyle & tuberosity.
âĄī¸ Medial condyle has medial meniscus (oval shaped). It's function is to prevent friction. It faces injury more.
âĄī¸Lateral condyle has lateral meniscus (rounded).
đMeniscus is one type of fibro-cartilage)
đ Functions of meniscus:
-Deepens the articular surface
- transmits weight
- absorbs shock
-helps in gliding & angular movement
đ meniscus has a vascular structure which gets nutrition from Synovial fluid.
â intercondylar area is situated between the two condyles.
đattachment from before backwards:
đĨ#mnemonic- āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻāĻžā§ āĻĒāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋāĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻ° āĻ°ā§āĻĻā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻā§āĨ¤
āĻāĻŽāĻŋ- Anterior horn of medial meniscus (āĻāĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ 'āĻ' āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§ anterior & 'āĻŽāĻŋ' āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§ medial)
āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ- Anterior cruciate ligament.
āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻāĻžā§- Anterion horn of lateral meniscus.
āĻĒāĻ˛āĻŋ- Posterior horn of lateral meniscus
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋ- Posterior horn of medial meniscus.
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻ°- Posterios crutiate ligament.
âTibial tuberosity:
āĻāĻāĻŋāĻ° Upper smooth part āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ ligamentum patellae āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋ quardiceps femoris āĻāĻ° tendon āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻāĻ¸āĻā§āĨ¤
āĻāĻ° Lower rough part āĻšāĻ˛ā§ subcutaneous, āĻļā§āĻ§ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° infrapatellar bursa āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ skin āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻĨāĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
âKnee joint āĻ intra-articular structure, tendon of popliteus, āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
âShaft:
Shaft āĻāĻ° anterior border āĻāĻ° upper 2/3 āĻā§ #shin āĻŦāĻ˛ā§āĨ¤ āĻ ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨāĻ˛ā§āĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ˛ā§ā§āĻžāĻ° āĻ°āĻž āĻā§āĻŦ āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻ āĻļāĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¯ā§āĻšā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ°āĻž #shin_guard āĻāĻāĻ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ đMedial surface- āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻžā§āĻāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§, āĻāĻāĻĻāĻŽ āĻāĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ ā§Š āĻāĻŋ muscle inserted āĻšā§-
-sartorius
-gracilis
-semitendinosus
āĻāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ #guy_ropes muscle āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ ā§ŠāĻāĻŋ muslce thigh āĻāĻ° āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ ā§ŠāĻāĻŋ compartment āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻāĻ¸ā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ nerve supply āĻ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
đLateral surface:
āĻāĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ° ā§¨/ā§Š āĻāĻžāĻ āĻā§ā§ā§ rise āĻāĻ°ā§ Tibialis anterior.
đNerve supply- Deep peroneal nerve.
āĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻ āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻāĻļā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ related (medial to lateral):
đĨ#mnemonics- āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻāĻ¸ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒāĻāĻāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻā§āĨ¤
āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ°- Tibialis anterior
āĻšāĻžāĻāĻ¸-Extensor hallucis longus
āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ-Anterior tibial vessels
āĻĒāĻāĻāĻž-Deep perineal nerve
āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽ-Extensor digitorum longus.
āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻā§-Peroneus tertius
āĻŽāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻž? đ
āĻšā§āĻŽ, āĻāĻ¨āĻžāĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻļ āĻŽāĻāĻžāĻ°!
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ āĻšā§āĻ, đPosterior surface:
āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ oblique soleal line āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻĻā§āĻ āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻ line āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ soleus muscle..
Line āĻāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ°ā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ Popliteus.
āĻāĻŦāĻ Line āĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻā§-
âĄī¸Medially - Flexor digitorum longus.
âĄī¸Laterally - Tibialis posterior muscle.
āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āĻāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻā§āĻ nerve supply āĻĻā§ā§- Tibial nerve.
âLower end:
One process (Medial malleolus)
5 surfaces (anterior, medial, posterior, lateral & inferior)
đī¸Medial malloelus āĻāĻ° lower border āĻ deltoid ligament of ankle joint attached āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ āĨ¤
đLower end āĻāĻ° inferior surface, foot āĻāĻ° short bones āĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻļā§āĻ§ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° Talus āĻāĻ° superior surface āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ joint form āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
đTibia āĻ¤ā§ #subcutaneous āĻ āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ°ā§ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻāĻ°ā§ tibia āĻāĻ° āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻāĻžā§āĻāĻž āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻāĻŦ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžā§-
1ī¸âŖRough area of tibial tuberosity.
2ī¸âŖShin of the tibia.
3ī¸âŖMedial surface.
4ī¸âŖMedial malleolus. (Total 4 nos.)
đī¸Tibia āĻ¯ā§āĻ¸āĻŦ joints form āĻāĻ°ā§-
1ī¸âŖKnee joint- (Between two condyle of femur & two condyle of tibia)
Type-Condylar variety of synovial joint.
2ī¸âŖSuperior tibio-fibular joint- (Between posterior surface of lateral condyle, fibular facet & head of fibula)
Type- Plane type of synovial joint
3ī¸âŖMiddle tibio-fibular joint- (between two interoseous border of tibia & fibula) āĻāĻ joint āĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻā§ āĻĻā§āĻāĻŋ gap āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ° gap āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ anterior tibial vessels āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ anterior compartment āĻ āĻĸā§āĻā§ & āĻ¨āĻŋāĻā§āĻ° gap āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ perforrating branch of peroneal artery āĻāĻ¸ā§ anterior compartment āĻāĨ¤
Type- syndesmoisis type of fibrus joint.
4ī¸âŖInferior tibio-fibular joint- (between fibular notch of tibia & lower end of fibula)
Type- Syndesmoisis type of fibrous joint.
5ī¸âŖAnkle joint- (Between inferior surface of lower end of tibia & superior surface of talus)
Type: Hing type of synovial joint.
đGrowing end- upper end..
đClinical:
Tibia āĻāĻ° lower 1/3rd āĻ poor blood supply.
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ, non union of fracture common lower end āĻāĨ¤
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