đŖđŖđŖAnal FistulađŖđŖđŖ
đāĻ¯ā§āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ā§āĻ āĻšāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ infants & middle aged adults āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
đ¨ââī¸sign symptoms:
1. Defecation āĻ pain āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ & āĻāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ 2/1 āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻĨāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
2. āĻŽāĻžāĻā§āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ bright red blood āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
đŠââī¸Causes:
Commonly,
1. Constipation
2. Passing large or hard stools
3. Chronic Diarrhoea
4. Childbirth
5. Anal intercourse
Also occurs in,
6. Crohn's disease or IBD
7. Anal Cancer
8. HIV
9. Tuberculosis
10. Syphilis
đŠââī¸Diagnosis:
đ āĻāĻ¤ā§ History āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦ āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ physical examination āĻāĻ°āĻŦāĨ¤
āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ Anal Fissure āĻ DRE āĻāĻ°āĻž contraindicated.
Chronic Anal Fissure āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ°ā§ āĻĨā§āĻā§ skin tag āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§āĨ¤
đŠââī¸Treatment:
đ
Conservative Rxđđ
đŠēāĻāĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ stool soft āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻšā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ spontaneously heal āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤āĻāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ laxatives & fiber rich diet āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ° defecation āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° Hip bath with povisep /viodin solution āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻžāĻ° ā§Š/ā§Ē āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻ povisep sol āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻāĻž āĻā§āĻ¸ā§āĻŽ āĻāĻ°āĻŽ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāĻŋā§ā§ ā§§ā§Ļ-ā§§ā§Ģ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻ¤ā§ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻ¤ā§ sphincter relax āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§ healing āĻāĻž quickly āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
āĻāĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ
1. Nitroglycerin oinment
2. Topical anaesthetic creams
3. Botulinum toxin injection
Surgical Rxâī¸
āĻāĻ¤āĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ healing āĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤
Mainly āĻāĻ¤ā§ Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS) āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
đŠââī¸Complications:
đUntreated āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻ˛ā§ heal āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ So āĻāĻ¤ā§ chronic āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§āĨ¤
āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨ Recurrence āĻšāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§,tearing extend āĻāĻ°ā§ surrounding muscle āĻ spread āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĨ¤