History of 1st World War{last part}

Today I will discuss the (3) last Part of the history of the First World War. The first and second Parts have been discussed before.

Killing gas, submarines and German war crimes

Germany once experimentally launched a chlorine gas attack to break the stalemate on the western battlefield. Many international rules of war were fixed at various conferences in Europe before the war, albeit ridiculous. One of them was that no lethal gas could be used in artillery attacks. Even in the face of opposition inside Germany, some subtle-minded lawyers advise not to use artillery attacks only to keep the mouth of the gas-cylinder open when the wind is from the German side towards the Allies. In the wake of the catastrophic chlorine gas attack on the Belgian front in April 1915, a six-mile-long hole was made in the Allied line, but Germany did not take the attack very seriously, so the Allies quickly repaired the hole. But this more barbaric gas attack in such a horrible and already brutal barbaric war aroused resentment against Germany all over the world.

Germany committed another war crime with its submarine. Prior to the war, intense naval competition between Germany and Britain was cited by many as one of the reasons for the war, but the German forces did not actually have that much naval power. In that power, Britain was the sole ruler of the whole world at that time. Within the first few days of the declaration of war, Britain cut off German naval communication with the rest of the world with its navy. As a result, the stagnation of the western battlefield became a war of attrition. Although the German navy could not get out to sea, they had good submarine technology. From February 1918, Germany launched an indiscriminate submarine attack to sink Britain and France economically, sinking any ship carrying military or civilian cargo. In doing so, however, Germany could not take any advantage, on the contrary, accelerated its downfall. Earlier, in 1915, the US was angry with Germany for destroying the British ship Lusitania with 120 American passengers. But the United States declared war on Germany after launching an indiscriminate submarine attack, despite the fact that the United States was patient with Germany for its economic gain in the war in Europe and for the pacifist policies of President Woodrow Wilson.

Battle of the Eastern Battlefield

After Russia successfully thwarted the implementation of Germany's Schleifenplan in the early stages of the war in the East, it did not have much success. But a major contribution of Russia to the Allied victory is to keep a part of the German forces constantly engaged in this direction so that Britain and France in the West can somehow stop it. Russia, of course, acknowledged the damage. And like all other forces, Russia's military technology training weapons or skills were nowhere near as good as Germany's. His success was limited to building a human shield with millions of troops. Russia's only successful attack was General Alexei Brusilov's Brucelov Offensive. From June to September 1917, Brussels' troops advanced a considerable distance, penetrating the Austrian-Hungarian border over a large part of present-day western Ukraine. The greatest achievement of this attack was the almost complete annihilation of the Austrian-Hungarian forces. Although Austria-Hungary, which had weakened Serbia in the first months of the war, was completely destroyed, the military power of Austria-Hungary was not significant. Although the soldiers of their military force, made up of over a dozen ethnic groups, were employed for pay and benefits, they were not already satisfied with the Vienna policy of the labyrinth. Now these Slavic soldiers found it bizarre and immoral for Austria-Hungary to call on their ethnic brothers to fight the Russian Slavs. Because this useless hell-like state of war has been created because of the murder of their foreign ruler, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, at the hands of Slav Gavrilo Princip, the ethnic brother of these soldiers. Whether to go to war against his own brethren to avenge this murder, many were happy with the work of Gavrilo Princip. During the Brussels offensive, many Slavic soldiers therefore surrendered without hindrance as soon as they saw the Russian forces and in some cases immediately took up arms against the Austro-Hungarian forces. Germany fell into the opposite great problem with Austria-Hungary. Germany has to pull them like a stone tied around their necks. A large number of troops had to be sent from the Verdan slaughterhouse to the eastern battlefield. As a result, Germany's intentions at Verdun on the western battlefield also failed.

Meanwhile, there are two parts to the ongoing war in England's internal politics. On the one hand, if the war is to be won, it must be won at the slaughterhouse on the western battlefield. Let's go as far as life goes or try new methods. On the other hand, the theory was that Germany would be forced to retreat on the Western battlefield on its own if it not only pushed millions of young people to certain death in the Meat Grinder on the Western battlefield but also destroyed Germany and its allies elsewhere. The biggest proponent and supporter of this party was Winston Churchill. Churchill's advice was to support Germany from the beginning and to defeat Ottoman Turkey, which had officially declared war in October 1914. Of course, some of this was in Britain's own interest. This is because with the declaration of war against Britain, France and Russia in October 1914, the war was declared a religious jihad by the Ottoman Turkish Caliphate. This announcement is troublesome for Britain. Because there were a large number of Muslim subjects in India and Egypt in the then British colony. If even a small part of these tenants declare jihad against Britain in the words of the Turkish clergy, Britain will have to expend a great deal of energy and attention to deal with it. Churchill's idea was that Turkey would be a soft opponent, as even a century earlier, Ottoman Turkey was considered a dying empire in European politics. Churchill's argument convinced the British ruling class to launch the Gallipoli campaign. The purpose is to occupy the most important channels for naval communication from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea via the Sea of ​​Marmara. But in reality the war in Gallipoli showed that Ottoman Turkey was not as weak in self-defense as everyone thought it was from outside. In the face of fierce resistance in Gallipoli, Britain eventually had to abandon the operation. Britain's military intelligence, which has been trying since the late nineteenth century, succeeded in inciting various Arab tribes in the Middle East to revolt against the rule of Ottoman Turkey in 1917-18. One of the great heroes of this expedition was T. E. Lawrence, known worldwide as Jean Lawrence of Arabia. Even in December 1918, almost five centuries later, the holy city of Jerusalem was captured by British forces. At one point on the eastern battlefield, Romania declared war on Germany, promising a reward from the Allies, but German forces defeated Romania with incredible speed and captured Bucharest.

Turkey and Armenian genocide

Ottoman-Turkey, which had been losing control of the Balkans for a century, met its insistence on a small and weak group within its borders, like all other barbaric Atharva Kupmanduk empires. Ottoman Turkey gets Armenians for this job.

Religion was a major factor in Romania, Bulgaria, and Serbia seeking independence from the Ottoman Empire. In the Ottoman rule, people of all religions except Muslims were second class citizens. There was no way for a Jewish Christian or a pagan to seek justice after being tortured or harmed by a Muslim, as it was institutionally recognized that the testimony of a Jewish Christian pagan would be taken less seriously than the testimony of a Muslim. As a result, the situation in the real world is easily understood.

Western nations, including Russia, have repeatedly complained about the status of their Christian brethren within the Ottoman Empire, but to no avail. Only word of mouth is the essence of reform. In reality, Turkey has not made any good reforms. The Ottomans feared that their huge Muslim population would be angry if they were asked to give up so much comfort when it came to reform. In the end, all this is resolved on the battlefield - Romania, Bulgaria and Serbia are born. But the Armenians remained inside Turkey. They wanted the Ottomans to improve their situation and legal rights from inside Turkey.

The Ottoman Turkish caliphate, which was destroyed from various battlefields in World War II, continued its genocide on these Armenians who wanted a little more rights. The most ridiculous tragic thing is that the young Turks, who are considered to be the pioneers of secularism in the Islamic world, are the ones who have carried out the Armenian genocide with great enthusiasm and institutional efficiency. About 250 Armenian poets, journalists, and intellectuals were taken from Istanbul to Ankara. Most of them were killed. The remaining Armenian men were sent to various camps and forcibly killed in inhumane conditions. Many were shot, burned, and killed by poison gas. Without killing the women, children and the elderly directly, the young Turkish secular military officers chased them out of their homes and into the Syrian desert. Looting, rape, murder, torture for entertainment. About ten to fifteen million Armenians were killed in this massacre. Many of the rest fled to different parts of the world. The most horrific barbarism is that this whole genocide was officially planned, systematically organized step by step and driven by cold-headed demonic reckoning. That is why Ottoman Turkey and progressive young Turks can be called the technical and strategic gurus of Hitler's Jewish Holocaust. The origins of many deep and fundamental aspects of the political ideology called Jamaat-e-Islami in South Asia are the philosophy of Turkey, the Ottoman Caliphate and the young Turks. At the time of Bangladesh's birth, a sign of this was found in the killing of intellectuals on 14 December 1971.

The beginning of the fall, Russia and the Bolshevik revolution

At first glance, the fall of Germany may have begun with the withdrawal of the Schlieffen Plan, which was impossible to implement on the Western battlefield. But it was not until Germany declared war on Germany in April 1918 that victory was impossible. Even after the declaration of American war, it was possible for Germany to win the war in the time it took for American troops to prepare and ship to the western battlefield. During the latter part of 1917-18, Germany succeeded in its campaign against Romania and Italy on the eastern battlefield. But what the German elite did not realize in the pride of their advanced military technology, skills, and industrialized economy within their own country was that the war was not really a 100-meter race, it was a double-triple marathon. In contrast to Germany's own advanced industrial system and technologically advanced and efficient military forces, allied Britain and France had vast colonial empires. The supply of manpower and resources to Britain and France in the long run was almost inexhaustible. Britain and France were able to bring troops from colonies in Asia, Oceania, and Africa and use them on various fronts. But Germany had only its own people. Germany had nothing to do when a generation was almost completely destroyed by millions of deaths. His allies had nothing to do with help from the two sick and dying empires. Ottoman Turkey was completely isolated from Britain by Britain. And Austria-Hungary had no control over the dozens of ethnic groups in its empire.In supplying supplies for the war, Germany was in such a state that the ordinary people inside its country, who were the driving force of its industrialized economy, could not eat properly. Germany had to reach for the church bells, the door handles of the people at the last stage, in order to supply the amount of metal needed to defeat the opponent by firing billions of artillery shells.

Of course, the situation in the Allied Powers was not an advantage. Just as a whole generation was wiped out inside Germany in the slaughterhouses of the West, so a generation inside Britain and France is almost wiped out. The lives of the civilian population, especially in Russia and France, are in danger of collapsing with a small but strong blow to the supply of war supplies and manpower. In order to save Vardan, France was gradually sending its army from one place to another, leaving it for a while and then sending it back to Vardan's hell. The result was an unexpected twist. The horrific experience of the soldier who once went to Vardan makes him rebel against all these wars, politics, government of the elite. Turning around, it was seen that everyone in the whole army had fought in the hell of Vardan at some point. As a result, anti-war sentiment and resentment against the military and political elites have grown within the entire French army. Anarchist, Marxist ideology has spread like wildfire. Judicial trials in military courts, death sentences and insults, nothing is going to hold the nationalist ideology. Although less widespread, the situation in Britain is much the same. The worst situation is in Russia. The history of Marxist ideology in Russia is quite old. On top of that, in various wars waged with incompetence and utter neglect of human life, the anger of the common people towards the ruling class has reached its peak. Inside, there was Grigori Rasputin, a drunken and lustful priest from a remote Siberian village because of the superstitious beliefs of Tsar Nicholas II and Alexandra Feodorovna, who could not be seen by either the elite or the nobility Sitting almost at the center of power. Because the Tsar has gone to the battlefield with the power to run the country in the hands of Zarina, and Zarina is completely in the hands of Rashputin; Zarina believes only Rashputin can save their only child, Hemophilia patient Alexei Nikolaevich.

Erich Ludendorff, the last general of the German army, who could not put pressure on either side to fight on both the eastern and western battlefields, therefore devised a strategy to get Russia out of the war by exploiting Russia's internal rebellion. Mass uprisings and discontent were going on inside Russia at that time. On the advice of Rashputin to quell the uprising, Zarina then ordered the military and police to open fire on the rebels. In such a state of chaos, German General Ludendorf arranged for Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the Russian Communist movement in exile in Switzerland, to be sent to Russia. Lelin traveled from Switzerland through Germany on a black-clad train provided by the German army and arrived in Russia. The socialist society will be established in the natural course of history through the spontaneous movement of the proletariat against the imperialist, capitalist regime. . The Tsarist rule came to an end in a mass uprising. An interim government was formed. That too was wiped out by a single gesture of Lelin. The rule of the socialist proletariat began in Russia. From the very beginning, Russia unconditionally distanced itself from the war waged by the former racist, imperialist monarchs for their own greed and glory. The battle on the eastern battlefield is over. Germany was freed from the burden of waging war together on both sides. But to do anything on the Western battlefield, Germany must act very quickly, because the ideology and theory of the revolt that ignited the fire in Russia and drove Russia out of the war has slowly begun to attack Germany as well. The plight of the German people and soldiers is no different from the plight of the Russian people.

Kaiserslakht, Woodrow Wilson, Treaty of Versailles

Before the arrival of large numbers of American troops and the burning of traditional Germany in the fire of socialist ideology, the German military high command tried to inflict its final death on the slaughterhouse on the western battlefield. This last attempt was called kaiserschlacht or royal war. The plan was that Germany, with its latest strength, would inflict four or five huge death-bites on the western battlefield. Death wounds are also given according to the plan. Michael, Georgette, Blush-York, Nissienu, Friedensterm. But the results are in the middle of that. The German forces could go a long way on the western battlefield, inflicting millions of deaths and disabilities on the Allies, but they themselves became almost paralyzed with millions of deaths and disabilities. When a large number of American troops arrived, the German forces had to flee within their own borders, leaving behind all the gains, all the advances, all the vigor in a hundred days of attack. Germany was forced into the Treaty of Versailles. But Germany's little arrogance, like that of a faint peace, is still intact that no one has been able to conquer it, leaving only the space it occupied.

It was not the end

The Treaty of Versailles contains all the harsh and humiliating conditions for Germany. Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, which were allies in the German war, collapsed. Many of the Austrian-Hungarian territories passed into the hands of Romania and Serbia as promised. Austria and Hungary emerged as separate states. The occupied territories of Ottoman Turkey were divided between Britain and France with the promise of returning their rule to the local people as soon as possible. But perhaps the biggest mistake is with Germany. Germany was forced into a peace treaty with many harsh and humiliating conditions, but Germany remained much the same as it was. The Kaiser was forced to relinquish power, and democracy was established in the German system as opposed to aristocracy, but Germany remained with its entire industrialized economy and horrible nationalist population. Because of this one mistake, at the turn of twenty-one years, that old destructive seed inside Germany turned into a monster, creating another world war, five times more destructive than this horrible bloodbath.

Germany should have been handed over to Belgium, France and Russia in three parts, at least for fifty years, scattering its entire military through emigration and emigration, and to prevent any military industry from manifesting itself. For at least fifty years the whole world has been keeping a close eye on the match. This is exactly the reason why Germany has been able to establish itself as a civilized, modern and humane state since the Second World War. Its two parts were kept under strict surveillance under two separate power blocs for 45 years, especially since the traditionally belligerent and racist East, Old Prussia, was in front of strict Soviet eyes; Germany's self-realization and self-remorse are in fact secondary.

The problem, however, is that after the unprecedented genocide and bloodshed of World War I, Britain, France, Belgium and Russia had no physical or mental strength left to create such a system. Russia had already unilaterally withdrew from the war after the socialist revolution. America was another big reason for not taking any practical action against Germany. From the middle of the war, US President Woodrow Wilson has been saying that this war, after so much blood, so much waste, should be occupied in that old imperialist way, that country should be divided, so that the seeds of war are not sown again. He said that all parties should come to peace without victory or defeat. Towards the end of the war, since it was impossible for the other Allied nations to win without American help, they had to accept the demands of the American president in the post-war peace process. But this peace without victory and defeat sowed the seeds of greater unrest and five times more murder and destruction.

The ancient Assyrian emperor Assurbanipal boasted of suppressing the chaotic Elamites within his empire as follows: On their land I sprinkled salt and seaweed (a kind of thorny desert plant) (so that nothing else could grow there again). Susa, Madaktu, Haltemash and many other cities were mixed in the dust and I brought that dust to Assyria. From their land I have made forever the noise of the people, the wandering of the cattle, and the exultation of joy. I have turned their land into a forest, where wild donkeys, deer, and other wild animals roam freely. ”

Unlike in the Ashurbanipal era, Germany's warlike attitude, racism and self-confidence could have been eradicated if World War II had been avoided.

Thanks for Reading........

History of 1st World War{2nd part}-- https://read.cash/@Kawser199/history-of-the-1st-world-war-part-2-d93256fb

History of 1st World War{1st Part}-- https://read.cash/@Kawser199/history-of-the-first-world-warpart-1-d79af84d