The German Activist and other more
The Book Of Yesterday | May 9
GERMAN ACTIVIST SOPHIA MAGDALENA SCHOLL WAS BORN
May 9, 1921
Today is the centenary anniversary of the birth of one of the great activists in Germany during the Hitler regime - Sophia Magdalena Scholl or better known as Sophie Scholl. He was born on this day in 1921 in the town of Forchtenberg, state of Württemberg, Germany and the fourth of six children of a Lutheran family of Robert Scholl, former mayor of that town, and Magdalena Müller. His father was ousted from his government position because of his criticism of the Nazi government and Hitler.
Educated at a Lutheran school in her hometown, she was a young woman when she witnessed the rise to power of the Nazis, and because she was convinced of the good promises of the German leadership, she was persuaded to join the Nazi women's organization. , the League of German Girls. Like him his older brother Hans Fritz was also a member and had a high rank in the Hitler Youth. But Hans and Sophia soon began to question the indoctrination that was being propagated to them. They secretly listened to foreign radios, where they heard shocking facts about the regime. Although it would be dangerous to their children Robert and Magdalena Scholl supported their children’s growing criticism of the fascist regime.
When the war broke out, two of Sophie's siblings; Hans and Werner, enlisted in the army, while Sophia was studying biology and philosophy at the University of Munich. While serving in the army Hans also studied medicine at such a university, where the desire to fight Hitler's oppressive and abusive regime arose.
Hans Scholl and fellow medical students Alexander Schmorell, Willi Graf and Christoph Probst formed White Rose, a secret organization opposed to the fascist regime through pamphlets expressing condemnation of the oppressive Nazi regime, its bloody policies in Jews, and its nonsensical warfare in Europe. Their operation began in June 1942 in Munich, and Sophie was unaware of her older brother’s activism. He had noticed the White Rose pamphlets but had no idea who wrote them, until he discovered that his older brother Hans was behind them. This time, Sophie also joined White Rose. From June 1942 to February 1943 White Rose members secretly spread their message, unnoticed by the Gestapo.
On February 18, 1943, authorities arrested Sophie and Hans Scholl at their university in Munich after they were caught in the act of distributing the sixth White Rose pamphlet on campus, condemning Germany's war at Stalingrad. Despite intense interrogation of the Scholl brothers they refused to prosecute their accomplices. Their companion Probst was also arrested in the following days. After they confessed to their accomplishments, the three youths were indicted in the Volksgerichtshof or People’s Court, where they were accused of treason and destroying the morale of the army. The Scholl brothers defended what they did, while Probst pleaded guilty in court on behalf of his family.
However, they were convicted of their crimes and sentenced to death. The death penalty was immediately carried out on the Scholl brothers and Probst hours after their sentencing on February 22, 1943. Sophie Scholl was first beheaded by guillotine at Stadelheim Prison in Munich at the young age of 21. Recognized and honored today. in Germany and around the world the Scholl brothers and the other members of the White Rose became heroic because of their courage and determination to fight the fascist and oppressive regime of Hitler.
GREGORIA DE JESUS WAS BORN
May 9, 1875
Today is the 146th birthday of the so-called Lakambini of the Katipunan and second wife of the Supremo of the Katipunan-Gregoria de Jesus Nakpil y Alvarez, or better known as Gregoria de Jesus. He was born on this day in 1875 to a wealthy family in the present city of Caloocan, a former town in the province of Manila. He is the son of the former gobernadorcillio of the town Nicolas de Jesus.
Gregoria was a smart and beautiful woman in her youth, when she met the then 29 -year -old Andres Bonifacio. In those days Gregoria or Oryang was only 18 years old, when she met and fell in love with the widow Andres. Oryang wanted to marry Andres but Nicolas did not want Andres for his son, so even the gobernadorcillio of Caloocan at that time, Oryang also asked for help to convince his father to bless their marriage with Andres. Later, Nicolas agreed to go with Andres and Oryang. Apart from getting married in the church in Binondo in March 1893, Andres and Oryang also got married in a Katipunan ritual.
Apart from being a partner in life, Oryang also played an important role in the Katipunan. She is the Vice President of the women's organization of the Katipunan, and is known as Lakambini of the Katipunan. She also kept important documents of the movement, and this task was dangerous for her because she had to cross so many guards to deliver the documents to Katipunan meetings, even though she was still pregnant. Gregoria gave birth to their first child with Andrew, who was also named after her husband. But a series of tragedies tested the couple's marriage; they had a house fire in Manila and their son died of smallpox. Despite all the dangers posed by the Katipunan and the Supremo himself, Oryang remained by Andres' side. But after Andres and Procopio Bonifacio were arrested by revolutionary government personnel in April 1897, the couple separated and the guards allegedly raped Oryang. Oryang was also not informed of the murder of his wife and his brother-in-law Procopio on May 10, 1897.
After Oryang's mourning over Andres' death, Oryang fell in love again with another Katipunero and composer, Julio Nakpil, who was also a friend of Andres Bonifacio. The two married in December 1898 and their marriage produced six children.
Oryang died at the age of 67 in Manila on March 15, 1943.
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