The Book Of Yesterday | May 3
NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI WAS BORN
May 3, 1469
Today is the 552nd birthday of one of the most famous philosophers and intellectuals of the Renaissance period Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli, or better known by the name Niccolo Machiavelli or Machiavelli. He was born on this day in 1469 in the city of Florence in Italy, and was the son of Bernardo and Bartolomea Machiavelli. Little is known about his young life until 1494, when he studied rhetoric, Latin and grammar. Machiavelli grew up in a country torn apart by wars between the city-states in Italy and conquest of the Holy Roman Empire, France and Spain. In 1498 he was appointed secretary and later Chancellor of the Republic of Florence, at a time when the influential Medici family lost control of Florence.
While chancellor of Florence Machiavelli also served as diplomat he visited the Papal States and the court of King Louis XII of France and the court of the kingdom of Spain, where he witnessed things that would influence his philosophy; taking any goal by any means, even if it is bad in exchange for a better result. He wrote this philosophy in his book Il Principe or The Prince, published in 1513. Here his political views were published, which for him, politics revolved around the palm of traitors, deceivers, and criminals. For Machiavelli in his book, the oppressive, violent and evil nature of a leader in his subjects makes sense if it has a good replacement in his subjects. Reactions to Machiavelli's political discourse varied, as he even considered Il Principe as a guide to dictators' methods of rising to power.
Apart from Il Principe, Machiavelli also wrote several comedies, poems and carnival songs. The word Machiavellian was formed from Machiavelli’s philosophy, which refers to the reasoning on the use of the iron hand in the leadership of a leader. Although Machiavelli's philosophies were met with criticism, he was regarded as one of the pillars of modern philosophy and political science.
Machiavelli died at the age of 58 on June 21, 1527 in Florence, Italy.
THE FIRST VOYAGE OF DR. JOSE RIZAL LEAVES THE PHILIPPINES
May 3, 1882
At the age of 20, Jose Rizal ventured early into the new world outside the Philippines. On this day in 1882, the Spanish ship Salvadora sailed from Manila for its first voyage to Europe. At the urging of his brother Paciano, Rizal went to Europe using his former name José Mercado in his passport, and he also gave him a fare worth 325 pesos. Her uncle and Leonor Rivera's father, Antonio Rivera, also helped her travel to Europe.
The brothers Paciano and Jose secretly planned the trip to Europe. When he left the port of Manila, Jose's parents did not know, and his 16-year-old girlfriend Leonor did not know. Paciano wanted Jose to continue his study of medicine in Spain, and also to shape his patriotic sentiments with the help of the other Filipino enlightened people there.
When Jose was on the ship, he drew in his journal the image of Manila from afar. He also hears the rumors of Spanish passengers criticizing our country. Rizal landed in Singapore from Salvadora on May 9 of the same year, and from there he boarded the French passenger ship Djemnah two days after staying in Singapore.
From Singapore the Djemnah sailed to Marseilles, France. From the Djemnah Rizal described in his journal the places where the ship passed, and drew those places. The Djemnah passed through Colombo, Sri Lanka, Aden in Yemen, the Suez Canal in Egypt, and first set foot in Europe in the city of Naples in Italy, and on the 11th of June of the same year the Djemnah arrived in Marseilles.
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World Press Freedom Day
Free press or press freedom is one of the foundations of a living democracy, and its importance cannot be underestimated. It serves as a platform to communicate the truth, and to make the people aware of social issues. From propagandists, revolutionary journalists, to modern-day journalists --- the power of the free press can be seen to advance reforms that will benefit every citizen.
On #WorldPressFreedomDay, may the importance of free press sink into our hearts and minds. Together we will safeguard it from oppressive individuals.
References:
https://www.slideshare.net/cris-marz/rizal-trip#:~:text=In%20the%20afternoon%2C%20Rizal%20arrived,evening%20the%20trip%20was%20resumed.&text=11., the%20boat%20anchored%20at%20Marseilles. & text = Rizal%20visited%20the%20famouse%20Chateau, a%20half%20days%20in%20Marseilles.
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