The Book Of Yesterday | May 20
GENERAL MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE OF FRANCE DIED
May 20, 1834
On this day in 1834, the so-called "Hero of the Two Worlds" and one of the national heroes of the two nations of the United States and France-Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de La, passed away at the age of 76. Fayette, or simply Marquis de Lafayette, or Lafayette as he is called in America. He passed away at his home in Paris, France and he orphaned his four children and several grandchildren. He was laid to rest with military honors at Picpus Cemetery in Paris, while his memory was honored in the United States, which even offered a month of mourning for him.
Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, was born into a luxurious family of French nobles and military officers on September 6, 1757. At the age of 13, he followed in the footsteps of his father, a general in the military. . After early marriage to another royal Adrienne Françoise de Noailles at the age of 17, she saw an opportunity to show her fighting prowess in the United States, where she sided with the Americans against the British at the age of 19 during the American Revolution. , at the same age that Lafayette became major-general. While fighting there Lafayette also became aware of the liberal ideas the Americans were fighting for, and when the Americans and French defeated the British in 1781 he brought home to France what he had learned with a warm welcome from the people. French as a hero.
When the Estates-General opened in 1789 he was elected deputy in the Second Estate, but later joined the struggles of the Third Estate and became one of the deputies of the newly formed National Assembly. After the first outbreak of the French Revolution in July 1789 General de Lafayette was appointed Chief general of the National Guard, the army of revolutionary France, and became the personal guardian of the Royal family of France.
Carrying liberals and great ideas from America, he was one of the writers of the Declaration of Human Rights and proclaimed it before the National Assembly in August 1789. General de Lafayette also intervened with the French people who rushed to Palace of Versailles in October 1789 to repatriate King Louis XVI to Paris.
In the early years of the French Revolution General de Lafayette wanted changes in government while maintaining the monarchy under one constitution, but radical revolutionaries Georges Danton and Maximilien Robespierre demanded the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of a republic. It was here that Lafayette began to sour in the public eye, and he was even blamed for the attempted escape of Louis XVI and his family to France in June 1791. He led the violent expulsion of the French on the Champ de Mars in Paris, petitioning the establishment of the republic, reason for him to be corrupted in the eyes of the public and considered a traitor. He was no longer able to prevent the radicalization of the revolution he supported so he retired as Commander-in-Chief of the army while France was fighting Austria in April 1792. The revolutionary government ordered the arrest of royalists such as General de Lafayette, but he fled. with his family, in the desire to leave for America. He was arrested in Austria and imprisoned until 1797, when Napoleon released him after occupying Austria. Napoleon offered him a position in his government, but he refused as he avoided politics. He again served in the French monarchical government when it was restored from 1814.
He spent the rest of his time going to America at the invitation of President James Monroe, and when another revolution broke out in France again in July 1830 he supported it against the autocratic rule of King Louis-Philippe, until Lafayette died in 1834.
THE PHILIPPINE NAVY ESTABLISHED
May 20, 1898
Today is the 123rd anniversary of the Philippine Navy, or the Philippine Navy, the branch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) in guarding and defending the oceans covered by our Republic.
The Constitution of Biak-na-Bato states that there was the establishment of the official navy of the revolutionary government, although it was not carried out after the dissolution of the said Republic in December 1897. Upon the return of General Emilio Aguinaldo to our country on this in 1898, he announced the establishment of the navy of the revolutionary government.
When it was built the Revolutionary Navy force consisted only of eight steamboats captured from the Spaniards, and each steamboats was armed with a 9-cm gun. The Revolutionary Navy was augmented by five larger gunboats, from donations by wealthy families in Batangas and Bulacan. One of these is the former tobacco steamboat Compania de Filipinas which was renamed Filipinas, which became the first official flagship of the navy. General Aguinaldo organized the navy as part of the revolutionary army on June 23, 1898. Captain Vicente Catalan became the first chief of our navy, serving until 1901.
Our navy gradually disappeared with the defeat of the Philippines in the war against America. With the entry of the American colonial government the Bureau of Coast Guard and Transportation was established to guard the oceans covered by the Philippines from pirates. The Philippine Nautical School, formerly known as Escuela Nautica de Manila, was established, the first naval school in our country.
As part of the strengthening of the Philippine armed forces during the Commonwealth the navy was revived, but our naval force had no solid force other than the five motor boats of the Offshore Patrol, and during the Japanese occupation the Offshore Patrol or OSP of courage to drive the Japanese into our oceans. They were nicknamed the Mosquito Fleet because of the intensity of their bravery despite the small fleet. The remaining OSP soldiers became guerrillas, until it was revived after the war in 1945. The OSP was re -energized under President Manuel Roxas, who was replaced by the Philippine Naval Patrol and later became the Philippine Navy in January 1951 under President Elpidip Quirino. Since then, the number of soldiers in the Philippine Navy has increased, and the number of warships in our country has also begun. There are currently 65,000 active members of the Philippine Navy, including 12,500 members of the Philippine Marine Corps. We also have 81 combat ships, 18 auxiliary vessels, 25 naval aircraft and eight unmanned armed vehicles. The Philippine Coast Guard also cooperates with the Philippine Navy in the protection of Philippine maritime territory. BRP Gregorio del Pilar is the current flagship of the Philippine Navy.
THE RETURN OF GENERAL EMILIO AGUINALDO TO THE PHILIPPINES FROM HONG KONG
May 20, 1898
After nearly five months in Hong Kong as an exile, General Emilio Aguinaldo returned to our country on this day in 1898, along with other revolutionaries with him, to resume the rebellion against the Spaniards. And this time, he included in the continuation of the revolutions the new friend he considered - the Americans.
He arrived in Cavite after being transported to Manila from Hong Kong, aboard the USS McCullough. One of his first orders on his return to our country as the leader of the Philippine revolutionary army was to continue the uprising in the provinces of Bulacan and Zambales. He sent General Luciano San Miguel to lead the revolution in the provinces of Manila, Laguna, Batangas, Tayabas, Morong, Pampanga, Tarlac and Nueva Ecija against the Spaniards.
General Aguinaldo proclaimed the reorganization of the revolutionary government the next day in Cavite province, and again called for the unity of the provinces against the Spaniards for independence.
References:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Navy#:~:text=BRP%20Gregorio%20del%20Pilar%20(PS,flagship%20of%20the%20Philippine%20Navy.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_du_Motier,_Marquis_de_Lafayette
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