NICHOLAS II COMES DOWN TO THE THRONE AS TSAR OF RUSSIA

March 15, 1917

After more than two decades of Tsar Nicholas II's rule as Tsar of Russia, it was the Russian people who decided to remove from him the mandate given to him by God to rule the third largest empire in the world. On this day in 1917, he accepted what the people had long demanded of him, the demotion of his position as Tsar of Russia. This was one of the victories of the February Revolution, in which women workers participated. He agreed to resign on behalf of his son Tsarevich Alexei, on the condition that his brother Grand Duke Mikhail would succeed him as Tsar of Russia. But this request was also immediately rejected by the provisional government that was established only after the abdication of Nicholas II.

At that time, the situation in the capital St. Petersburg and other cities, triggered by respective demonstrations by students and workers demanding a complete change in government. Soldiers who were supposed to quell the commotion sympathized with the protesters' cry and joined them. They burned the effigies of their Tsar and they destroyed the statues of Nicholas II and imperial emblems. Within weeks Nicholas II had lost control of the capitol. Nicholas II could do nothing but accept the request of members of the Duma or the Russian parliament that he abdicate, for the sake of the peace of the whole country and to prevent the domination of anarchy.

Nicholas II was the last Tsar of imperial Russia and with his resignation the throne also ended more than three centuries of Russian empire. The Russian people reacted differently to the abduction of Nicholas II. After his demotion, he and his family were arrested and temporarily detained at the Governor’s palace in Tsarskoye Selo, a few kilometers away from St. Petersburg. Petersburg, and when the civil war in Russia broke out between the Bolshevik communists and supporters of the fallen monarchy Nicholas II was transferred to the town of Tobolsk in the Ural region where they were guarded by the Bolsheviks, and in April 1918 they moved to Yekaterinburg. In this area the dynasty that ruled Russia for 300 years will eventually end in brutal rule.

Nicholas II was crowned Tsar of Russia in May 1896 succeeding his father Alexander III, and like his father Nicholas II became an autocratic and conservative leader. But in reality the new Tsar was not ready for the heavy task entrusted to him, and he also inherited the problems faced by his father. External and internal problems tested Nicholas II's leadership, such as its conflict with Japan, its economic and political problems. However, he suppressed any reform the people demanded of him, even when the parliament or the Duma was established in 1905 and promised reform and establishment of the Constitution.

As the father of the Romanov family, he was struck by the serious blood disease of his youngest son and prince heir Alexei, whom he sought cured with the help of the Siberian faith healer Grigori Raputin, who was looked down upon by the people. dragging the Romanov family into the scandal involving it. Russia's problems worsened when the Tsar participated in World War I against Germany and Austria, which resulted in successive defeats in battle and resulted in the deaths of nearly two million Russian soldiers due to his weakness in leadership, while the left to lead the government Tsarina Alexandra was found incapable of leading. The public became increasingly sour and lost confidence in the weakness of the imperial leadership. Anti -government actions became increasingly active, culminating in the February Revolution that removed Nicholas II from office.

GAIUS JULIUS CAESAR WAS KILLED

March 15, 44 BCE

Twenty -three stabs. The then 55 -year -old famous Roman general, dictator and consul of the Roman Republic Julius Caesar sustained so many stab wounds, after he was assassinated by about 60 senators while inside the Senate in Rome.

At noon on this day in the year 44 BCE, as Julius Caesar was leaving the Senate, a senator approached him to demand the freedom of his exiled brother. Suddenly the other senators began to surround him, and at the signal of one of them they drew a knife from their robes and attacked Caesar. The valiant conqueror of the Mediterranean and who won wars for Rome had no opponent at the hands of fellow Romans, and though having sustained stab wounds to various parts of the body Caesar still struggled. When Caesar was sprawled on the floor and bathed in his own blood, he did not think that his supposed son Marcus Brutus would give him the last stab, even saying the words, "Et tu, Brute?" (And you too, son?). The senators celebrated Caesar's assault, shouting outside the Senate "The tyrant is dead! We are free!".

Julius Caesar was one of the First Triumvirate, the alliance of three influential political personalities in Rome, including Crassus and Pompey. But control of the government eventually led to civil war, which Caesar won. From being a general, Julius Caesar brought the Roman Republic to its greatness to the extent of the Mediterranean lands he conquered. At the same time he was also endowed with titles such as Consul, the highest position in the republic, and Dictator or the position in government that grants him emergency powers when in times of crisis. As a result, Julius Caesar was the richest and most powerful personality in Rome.

As consul of Rome he justly led the territory of the Republic and implemented important reforms in the Republic. More importantly, Caesar centralized the bureaucracies in Rome, thus giving him the title of “lifelong dictator”. Along with the sprinkling of honors on Caesar including the dedication of the temple for him and a full moon to him, some senators worried that Caesar’s further strength would lead the republic to its fall and install himself as king. So the senators conspired on how to prevent Caesar’s rise and save the Republic. Among the conspirators was Brutus whom Caesar tried to save from death during the civil war, at the instigation of Longinus.

With Caesar's death what those who killed him wanted to happen did not happen. The power struggle in Rome culminated in civil war, which led to the fall of the Republic and the establishment of the Roman empire.

AGREEMENT BETWEEN RABA SIKATUNA AND MUGURL LOPEZ DE LEGAZPI TAKES PLACE IN BOHOL

March 15, 1565

On this day in 1565, as marks the friendship of two foreign rulers, the Spanish conquistador Miguel Lopez de Legazpi and the ruler of Bohol Raha Sikatuna. More than a month after the arrival of de Legazpi's fleet on the island of Samar, the wind pushed them back to the Visayas when they tried to land in Mindanao. The wind carried them to the island of Bohol, where a brief battle ensued between the natives and Legazpi's soldiers because the foreigners who landed in Bohol were mistaken for Portuguese. But with the help of a Malay interpreter who mediated between the natives and Legazpi, the trouble subsided and Raha Sikatuna and Raha Sigala of Loboc were convinced that peace was Legazpi's goal.

As a sign of the agreement and friendship between Raha Sikatuna and Sigala and Legazpi, the two sides made an alliance that bound the relationship between the indigenous leaders and Legazpi. After a short party, Legazpi left Bohol to look for new lands to be conquered in the name of King Felipe II of Spain.

A famous work was painted by Filipino painter Juan Luna featuring the historical covenant between Legazpi and Sikatuna, which is currently on display at the Malacanang Palace. This historic covenant is celebrated in Bohol as the Sandugo Festival every March.

Why History?

What is the significance of our study of history? Does it have an effect on our lives today? The truth is that there is. It is important to know the history of our past so that we can understand what will happen in the present. We can also learn the difference between then and now by comparing events. Take for example people, places and equipment or things. Back then, people did not know much about what was going on in the world. It's just like what the real shape of the world is, why are there events that are mysterious to them that are actually only natural. People back then gave meaning to the things that were happening around them.

Perhaps also out of their curiosity, they discover objects or equipment that help them to make their lives easier. It can also be considered an ancient technology. Just like today, people now know a lot when it comes to technology. Using computers, cellphones, or high -tech things. I guess all the work is now using technology. You used to just wa lk or ride animals used for transportation, but now there are vehicles. You can pay for its service, and if you are able or rich, you can buy your own.

They are just one of the importance of why we need to know history.

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