The Book Of Yesterday | Jun 9
EMPEROR NERO OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE WAS HUMAN
June 9, 68 CE
On this day in 68 CE,. at the age of 30 Emperor Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, or better known by the name Nero, ended his own life within his palace in Rome. He was the first Emperor of the Roman Empire to take his own life, and with his death ended the first dynasty that ruled the Roman Empire Julio-Claudian, who also ignited the short period of the Civil War just to control the throne left by Nero.
Emperor Nero killed himself after he likely sentenced him to death in absentia as an enemy of the state.
At the age of 17 Nero became Emperor of Rome, and saw in his regime as Emperor the turbulent political situation of the state, and successive rebellions and mutiny of his own army. But scandalous behaviors and immorality, extravagance and his seeming loss of sanity have become shoulder to shoulder with his name. He was so obsessed with circus performances and amphitheaters, that he built so many circuses and related buildings in Rome, and he was also obsessed with art, literature, music and so on. Although he was loved by ordinary people because of the financial reforms he implemented, scandals overshadowed his regime, and he was involved in the murder of his relatives, even one of his wives.
He is also said to have burned his own city, and he used that incident as an excuse to persecute and punish the Christians in his empire. In fact, he was the first Roman Emperor to torture the lives of the first Christians in the Roman Empire, where many of them are said to have been watched by Nero being fed to lions in amphitheaters.
Many celebrated his death, but it resulted in the Civil War that would determine the next successor to the throne as Emperor.
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHARGES GENERAL ARTRMJO RECARTE OF REBELLION AND INSURANCE CASE
June 9, 1904
On this day in 1904, the American government charged former General Artemio Ricarte with charges of rebellion and insurrection against the Americans, after he was caught for the second time from the failed rebellion he led in Rizal province.
And under the Brigandage Act, Ricarte was sentenced to life in the Old Bilibid Prison in Manila for 10 years.
The Americans captured General Ricarte in Manila in 1900, and he was among 30 Filipinos deported to Guam as punishment for refusing to swear allegiance to the United States. While Apolinario Mabini has returned to the Philippines after swearing allegiance to the American flag, Ricarte is adamant that he will not give in to the wishes of foreigners. He secretly fled Guam to Hong Kong, and from there he secretly smuggled into our country.
After his 10 -year sentence in Bilibid, he is once again cursed for allegiance to America, but the former so -called El Vibora seems to be stubborn. Instead, he left the Philippines again for Hong Kong, and this time, he went with his family to Japan. For almost 30 years he lived with some Filipinos there, until the Japanese needed him in the Philippines, to convince the Filipinos to cooperate with the Japanese. It was here that many Filipinos looked down on Ricarte and considered him a collaborator, but in fact, when he saw that the former general of the revolution no longer had public love, the Japanese stopped interfering with him and Ricarte lived a poor life.
Ricarte died in Ifugao on the last day of July, 1945.
FELICIANO JOCSON WAS BORN
June 9, 1868
Today is the 153rd birthday of Filipino revolutionary Feliciano Jocson. There are only a few records left about Jocson's life, apart from the fact that he was born into a poor family in the Quiapo district of Manila.
Although he dropped out of school due to poverty, he worked hard in every job he entered and was given the opportunity to become a scholar at the University of Santo Tomas in the pharmacy course. He graduated and set up his own pharmacy in 1895, which has been used as a secret venue for Katipunan meetings since he became a member.
November 1896 when he presented with engineer and revolutionary Jose Alejandrino to go to Hong Kong to search, buy and smuggle new weapons for the revolutionaries, but failed. April 1897 when he sided with Andres Bonifacio, but when the Supremo was killed, Jocson asked General Emilio Aguinaldo to establish a departmental government in Central Luzon. When the said government was formed he became part of it, of which Padre Pedro Dandan became the President, Anastacio Francisco the Vice President, and General Paciano Rizal, Teodoro Gonzales, became a member of the cabinet. He opposed the agreements in Biak-na-Bato, and led a failed offensive of the Katipunan revolution in Caloocan, in which he was nearly killed.
Jocson fled to Laguna, but was caught by General Pio del Pilar. There are some notes from Julio Nakpil and Artemio Ricarte that he and not General Aguinaldo originally designed our National Flag, but there are no documents to support the claims of the two. Jocson has not been seen since and is said to have been killed by fellow revolutionaries on May 4, 1898.
THE BEGINNING OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN THE PHILIPPINES AND THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
June 9, 1976
On this day in 1975, President Ferdinand Marcos went to the People's Republic of China to establish diplomatic relations with Mao Tse Tung of the People's Republic of China, in a formal signing ceremony of the Joint Communique. Communist China was the first communist country visited by President Marcos, and the first of the communist countries in the world to have diplomatic relations with the Philippines, including East Germany, Romania, Bulgaria, Cuba, and the Soviet Union. . Even before this, the Philippine government's relationship with the communist countries was strict due to our country's policies against communism.
In the first decades of our country's diplomatic relations with China, our relations with them in economic and military, political, infrastructural, scientific and technological and other aspects have been peaceful, strong and orderly, with which our country and China have signed more than 100 bilateral agreements. But the long history of Chinese-Filipino relations includes the almost immortal territorial disputes in the West Philippine Sea, which have been protested several times by the Philippine representatives at the United Nations in connection with the open seizure of our islands in our maritime territory. . The administration of President Rodrigo Duterte has seen the almost close relationship between China and the Philippines, which has often been the subject of criticism and protests due to the President's apparent softening of China's aggressive action on the territorial issue.
Ever since the Spaniards came to the Philippines, our ancestors have developed ties with the Chinese, dating back to the Song dynasty of China. The discovery of porcelain and other artifacts from the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties can be traced to the long history of Chinese -Filipino relations. During the time of the Spaniards there were many Chinese or as the Spaniards called Sangley, who lived in our country, and sometimes led uprisings against the Spaniards. From the traditions, language, food and even the race can be traced the Chinese culture that they brought to our country and has permeated our national consciousness.
With the arrival of Western influence in China, the Chinese also flocked to our country, and some of them worked with us to achieve independence from the Spaniards, Americans until the time of the Japanese.
References:
https://www.fsi.gov.ph/philippines-china-relations-beyond-the-territoral-disputes/#:~:text=Relations%20between%20the%20Philippines%20and,diplomatic%20relations%20in%20June% 201975.
https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/jocson-feliciano/
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