The Book Of Yesterday | Jun 15
LISA DEL GIOCONDO, THE MODEL OF "MONA LISA", WAS BORN
June 15, 1479
If we stare at the very mysterious and beautiful smile of the woman in Leonardo da Vinci's provocative painting Mona Lisa, you will sometimes wonder who that woman is in da Vinci's work. In 2005, it was confirmed who he was; Lisa del Giocondo. She was the daughter of the wealthy Gherardini family in Florence and Tuscany in Italy.
Today is Lisa del Giocondo’s 542nd birthday, for which little is known about her life. Lisa's family life is said to have been difficult, forcing her to marry an old silk merchant Francesco di Bartolomeo di Zanobi del Giocondo, at the age of 15. They had five children, and lived as a middle-class family. Da Vinci met the woman, and at its fairness he asked the woman’s permission to be a model of his work.
His wife commissioned Da Vinci to paint his wife. For three years, from 1503 to 1506, Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa painting became one of his most famous works.
Lisa's husband first died in 1538, before Lisa finally died at the age of 63 on July 15, 1542.
PERFORMED THE FIRST HUMAN BLOOD TRANSFUSION OR BLOOD TRANSFUSION
June 15, 1667
Did you know that it has been exactly 357 years since the first human blood transfusion was successfully performed?
On this day in 1667, the personal physician of King Louis XIV of France Jean Baptiste-Denis performed this unique medicine on a 15-year-old patient who was bleeding profusely. Used on the teenager-a 12-ounce blood from sheep. This translation by doctor Denis to the young man was successful, so he did the same with other patients, but two of them died. He was even charged with killing his patient, but was also acquitted but was also banned from performing blood transfusions. Such work was banned throughout France and in other European countries until the turn of the 19th century.
Ever since the English scientist William Harvey studied the anatomy of blood flow in the human body it has been studied that the transfusion of blood into the human body, which was first tested, animal to animal. Until 1900, when German scientist Karl Landsteiner discovered different types of human blood, he was also the first to adopt a safer and more systematic method of transfusing blood. Landsteiner studied different bloods, and found that transfusion was not random, especially if the type of isanv patient did not match the donor, and this was probably the cause of death of Denis's patients.
KING JOHN OF ENGLAND SEALED THE MAGNA CARTA
June 15, 1215
On this day in 1215, in the presence of his barons at Runnymedes on the Thames, King John of England with his seal on his ring sealed one of the most important legal documents in the history of England, the Magna Carta. King John was compelled to seal the Magna Carta, as a result of the revolt of the barons against the king, and the king did nothing with the stronger forces and calls of the barons, that he guarantee the rights and privileges of the barons and of the Catholic church.
Following King John's defeats in Normandy which resulted in the financial collapse of the kingdom, he ordered that barons and nobles be taxed. Even the wealth of the Catholic church was tampered with by him to finance his lost wars. It was here that the Archbishop of Canterbury convinced the barons to revolt against the oppressive and abusive king.
The Magna Carta consists of a preamble and 63 articles, which contain the rights and privileges that the monarchy must respect and protect, and limit the absolute power of the king. One of these articles truly reflects the laws we now have the 39th article, which prohibits the unjust arrest or detention of a person as long as no case is filed against him or he is not informed of the accusation. filed with him.
Although the Magna Carta failed to be implemented, it paved the way for the emergence of democratic and just views on the rule of law, which would first emerge in the laws of England, and even during the Enlightenment for generations to come.
THE EXPLOSION OF THE VOLCANO
June 15, 1991
Exactly 30 years ago, what is considered to be the second strongest and most powerful volcanic eruption of the 20th century occurred. In the center of Zambales, after eight days of magma eruptions, with ground rumbling and thunder-like roar, the silvery volcanic ash of Volcano Pinatubo erupted, rising up to 35 kilometers from the ground. Witnessed the wild rise of volcanic materials in the fog, which dropped so much volcanic ash that killed many plants and forests around, and flooded households and rivers. Also because of this eruption, the top of the volcano collapsed and resulted in a 2.5 -kilometer -diameter caldera.
The scattered ash has spread throughout the world’s atmosphere reaching as far as the Indian Ocean and is prominent in satellite images. The eruption of Pinatubo exacerbated the upcoming typhoon Yunya, which flooded many towns in Zambales, Pampanga, Pangasinan, and Tarlac.
It is said that the excessive thickness of the ash spread in the mist mixed with sulfur dioxide cooled the earth's temperature by 0.5 degrees Celsius for two years, but it also caused extensive damage to the affected areas. Unfortunately, 840 people were recorded dead as a result of the eruption exacerbated by typhoon Yunya.
More than 10,000 residents throughout Zambales, including the indigenous Aeta living at the foot of Pinatubo, have lost their homes, and the total amount of property and crops damaged by the eruption of Pinatubo Volcano will amount to PhP 11,989,125,000.
For 400-600 years, Pinatubo Volcano slept, but even though it left a magnificent crater lake, experts feared that Pinatubo would wake up at any moment.
References:
https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/volcanic_ash/pinatubo_1991.html#:~:text=Pyroclastic%20flows%2C%20lahars%20as%20well,of%20agriculture%2C%20forestry%20and%20land.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_eruption_of_Mount_Pinatubo
https://www.history.com/.amp/this-day-in-history/magna-carta-sealed
https://www.britannica.com/story/the-strange-grisly-history-of-the-first-blood-transfusion#:~:text=On%20June%2015%2C%201667%2C%20the,The %20young%20man%20recovered%20quickly.
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