The Book Of Yesterday | Jun 10
THE DANGEROUS END OF THE TOWN OF ORADOUR SUR-GLANE IN FRANCE
June 10, 1944
The news of the invasion of Allies forces in Normandy, France gave hope to the countries occupied by Germany, especially the country of France, that the day of their independence from the four-year Nazi fascist occupation would come. But the light of that freedom did not seem to be seen again by a small village in southern France on this day in 1944, because of a terrible tragedy that would end not only their livelihood but their small town in the hands of the occupiers.
Later that afternoon, a group of Waffen-SS led by Adolf Diekmann arrived in Oradour-sur-Glane, a small town in the province of Haute-Vienne in southern France, and ordered the lock-up. all exits in town. He also ordered all the residents to gather at the town plaza, including the six cyclists who had just passed by the area. After that, the men and the children and women were forcibly separated, where the men were imprisoned in the town barns and the children and women in the church.
Diekmann's staff sowed extreme cruelty throughout the town, especially among innocent civilians. Diekmann set fire to the barns after they shot the men in the foot, as well as the church with everyone inside, as they shot those who tried to flee. And after they had cleared all the valuables there, Diekmann ordered that all the households be burned and destroyed until nothing was left. They left blazing for several days and almost erased the whole town from the map.
It is said that 20 residents of the town fled when they saw Diekmann's staff approaching them, while only six men and one woman were left alive from the heinous crime committed against them by Diekmann.
In all, as many as 642 men, women and children were mercilessly killed by Diekmann’s staff, and because of the severity of the burning of their corpses, 27 of them were positively identified. What happened in Oradour-sur-Glane, according to Diekmann, was retribution by the Nazis for the widespread activity of the French guerrillas.
A few years later, President Charles de Gaulle of France decided not to move the destroyed town and turn it into a museum as a reminder of the horrific tragedy it suffered at the hands of the Nazis, while a new town was built in the western part of the area. . Unfortunately, none of those involved in that incident were held accountable by law, as Diekmann and nearly all of his crew were killed in the battle in Normandy among those who killed the town’s 642 residents.
This was the largest and worst crime committed by the Nazis on the land of France during their four -year occupation of the said country.
PRINCE PHILIP, DUKE OF EDINBURGH WAS BORN
June 10, 1921
Today is the centenary birthday of the late husband of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. He was one of the children of Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark and Princess Alice of Battenberg, and he was born in his parent’s villa on the island of Corfu, Greece. His family was forced to flee Greece when he was a baby because of the unrest there. He grew up in the United Kingdom, and he also studied in Germany and France.
At the age of 18, he joined the Royal Navy and was among the British fleets that fought against the Kriegsmarine in the Mediterranean and the Japanese in the Pacific.
He first met Princess Elizabeth when the girl was just 13 years old, and after the war, Philip asked for the girl's hand. Philip and Elizabeth married in November 1947, and relinquished his Greek and Danish titles after using the surname of his grandfather and grandmother Mountbatten. He was also appointed Duke of Edinburgh by King George VI, Earl of Merioneth, and Baron of Greenwich, and retired from service in the Royal Navy when he became Queen Elizabeth II's consort in 1952. He had six children with Queen Elizabeth II, Charles. , Prince of Wales; Anne, Princess Royal; Prince Andrew, Duke of York; and Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex.
As Queen Elizabeth II's consort, Prince Philip assisted in implementing radical changes in the British constitutional monarchy, including Britain's relinquishment of its former colonies in Africa and Asia. In addition to being chairman of the Duke of Edinburgh Award, an award giving body for outstanding young people in Britain, he has also been the leader of over 780 organizations and programs.
Although he relinquished his royal titles he still remained with his wife the Queen. At the age of 99, Prince Philip passed away just this 9th of April.
ALEXANDER THE GREAT OF MACEDONIA DIED
June 10, 323 BCE
One of the great warriors and military leaders who lived in history was Alexander the Great. But at the young age of 32, Alexander the Great died while in Babylon in the ruined palace of King Nebuchadnezzar II, as he prepared to fight for the conquest of Arabia. There are several versions written that can explain the cause of Alexander's death; first he was stricken with malaria and second he was poisoned by the alcohol he was drinking.
Since Alexander had no legitimate heir, he bequeathed to five of his generals the vast empire he had founded, spanning from Macedonia, Greece, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia to India. Ptolemy went to Egypt, Selucius to Persia, Antigonus to Anatolia, Cassander to Macedonia and Lysimachus to Eastern Greece.
Alexander or Alexandros was the son of Macedonian King Philip II, and he was a student of the Greek philosopher Aristotle. When his own soldiers killed his father Alexander was crowned as King Alexander III at the age of 20, and followed in his father’s footsteps in the massive conquest eastward.
It can be said that Alexander was destined to be a conqueror, when according to the story he divided in the middle the legendary Gordian Knot, that whoever can fix its knots will rule the world. He successfully conquered all of Greece, and crossed his empire into Anatolia, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Persia as far as India. He also led and won countless battles even at a young age. Besides the king of Macedonia, he also became king of Persia and also a city in Egypt bore his name, Alexandria. But not only did his regime end with conquest, because in his time Greek culture flourished and spread throughout the empire. The period of Alexander's regime is also called the Hellenistic period because of that cultural innovation.
However, Alexander was also involved in the assassination of some of his own generals, and his obsession with many women and men. Although there is no solid proof yet he allegedly had a romantic relationship with his general and his best friend Hephaestion. Despite the scandalous lifestyle, there is no denying that one of the great military leaders who lived was Alexander the Great, who was never defeated in the Wars he led, and he was an inspiration to many more warriors and generals who lived in subsequent generations.
PRESIDENT CORAZON AQUIZON SIGNS COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN REFORM ACT
June 10, 1988
On this day in 1988, former President Corazon Aquino signed Republic Act no. 6657, or the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL). This law formed the foundation for the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program, a government program under the Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR). The purpose of this program is to promote and ensure the welfare of landless farmers, as well as to protect the social justice of those in the countryside.
Those considered to be given government own farmland and to be represented by the government’s agrarian action representative include fishermen, war veterans, retired staff, and graduates of agricultural studies.
In 1990, President Aquino ordered the Land Bank of the Philippines to provide appropriate compensation for those who receive land covered by CARP. CARP was amended and strengthened during President Fidel Ramos, and it was also expanded as CARPER or Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program Extension with Reforms.
During President Aquino's time, as many as 898,420 landless farmers were given land titles, but this is only 22.5% of the total number of those who will be given farmland. Although the goal of CARP is good, there are also many holes and it is not implemented properly, which to this day there are still many farmers who still rent farm land.
References:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensive_Agrarian_Reform_Program#:~:text=6657%2C%20otherwise%20known%20as%20the,of%20the%20%E2%80%9Ctenurial%E2%80%9D %20arrangement.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.history.com/.amp/topics/ancient-history/alexander-the-great
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh
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