Tue December 1, 2020
Grapes can be cultivated in the Philippines. This has been ascertained by some places such as Arevalo, Iloilo, La Union, and Cebu where since 1950 they have been growing grapes.
There are many varieties that we can grow here with the application of lime in cultivation greatly helps.
Moreover, it is good to put some decomposed leaves around the grape plant to conserve the soil moisture in its soil. Grapes like terrain, that is partially sloping so as not to remain water and hurt the roots.
Grapes need plenty of sunlight and a good flowing of air to prevent the onset of disease.
Within ten months to one year after planting the grapes, the fruit is ready for harvest. Harvest is can be served three times a year. This will be September, December, and Summer each year.
However, in the first year, one hectare of land planted for grapes can yield roughly 1,700 kilos per tree. Moreover, in the third or fourth years, about 10,000 kilos per tree can be reaped out. That's a lot of grapes fruit.
Table grapes are fitted to a local climate. However, one should be financially ready because of its late pay-off period. The pay-off is three years after the initial planting.
Another thing, the fresh fruit itself, grapes can produce by-products such as raisins, grape wine, grape juice, jams, and jellies.
Fresh grapes now can be sold at P50 to P60 per kilo produced locally in the Philippines, and P60 to P120 a kilo for imported goods.
There is a large grape plantation can be found in the Philippines. This is from Cebu, Ilocos Region, South Cotabato, Zamboanga, and other regions in the Visayas and Mindanao also.
Grapes grow promising in areas with warm and dry climate and where adequate irrigation is accessible. Areas repeatedly visit by the typhoon and continuous rain are not suitable for grapes cultivation. Growing conditions, though, vary depending on the variety.
Designate a site that is flat or generally wrapping so that soil erosion can be at the minimal occurrence. These plants are adapted to deep, brittle, well-drained, and fertile loam soil, however, grows poorly in the sandy and heavy soil.
The plant should have full exposure to sunlight and fresh air, appropriate to growing conditions, one can plant three to four crops every year.
SPECIES OF GRAPES
Vitis Vinifera
The Vitis Vinifera variety makes more than 90 percent of the world’s total grape production, is also recognized as European or Californian grapes, and is favorable to light soil.
Vitis Labrusca
American grapes varieties such as Vitis Labrusca or “Concord” need high soil fertility. Sufficient water supply and shallow soil can adapt well to clay and heavy soil.
Varieties consumed as table grapes and premium quality dry table wines can grow in less fertile soil. Others grown for raisins and common wines require deep fertile soil.
PLANTING GRAPEFRUIT
Grapes are produced mainly through cuttings of the stem or vines. Carefully examine plant materials and make sure they are free from borning diseases. Select cuttings from mother vines that generated large amounts and have high-quality.
Avoid cutting from new vines and choose to cut the size of an ordinary lead pencil with three or four well-develop buds.
Plant them in a well-drained medium and hollow them to grow roots. Later a month, transfer to pots.
For tiny backyard gardens, dig out each hole for each vine, about using one cubic meter, then shove it with topsoil mixed with animal manure.
Discard the rooted vines from the pots and make sure that the soil clenching the vines is intact. Gently set the plant into each hole and wrap it with the fertilizer.
Water them after planting regularly.
VINEYARD
Provide the plants with trellises or overhead arbor to support the plant. Moreover, it should be shoulder-high from the ground and wide enough to enable the farmer to prune, spray, or harvest efficiently.
Install these five strands of wire one foot apart and should be a horizontally strong bar made going to the basal area of bamboo. They should be able to stand wind pressure, and the weight of the vines and their fruits, also the growing branches should have enough space in which to broaden.
Oriented the vines to grow straight up the trellis by tying them loosely to stakes or guideposts. Eliminate the side until the main vine has reached the ceiling of the trellis.
In case the unwanted shoots have grown and toughened considerably, remove them with a sharp knife or pruning shears.
Take time to check until the main vine has reached the top of the trellis to pinch off its growing tip. Let two to four side branches to grow before cutting off the other side shoots.
The sideways branches should be the topmost. Guide the vine to grow and lengthen going to the opposite side. Tie loosely from the trellis wires and do not permit the overlap to shift to adjoining vines.
Trim off the growing tips of the lateral trunks when it's about to grow 1 1/2 cm to stimulate the growth of sub-lateral shoots. Process this regularly until a sufficient amount of fruiting canes have grown from the lateral branches.
Pruning involves cutting unwanted sections of branches and leaves, it should be done to facilitate flowering and fruiting of the plant.
Infer the normal posture, direction, and size of the flower buds of the plant to estimate the suitable spots for pruning. Observe this when the vine has grown up to an ample year and the fruiting twigs are colored brownish.
Fruiting twigs should have different normal buds and mature leaves. Prune only some mature and those that are slow-growing branches and then use a sharp pruning shear a size inch above a bud.
Fertilize and irrigate the vines in regular time two weeks before execute pruning. Pruning should be log or schedule timed because fruiting will not occur in the rainy season which also could result in damaging the fruits.
The way pruning is done depends on the location of the fruit buds. Species with fruit buds near the center and those with thin fruiting twigs are pruned after its fourth bud. However, the large-size fruiting twigs with fruit buds after the fifth are pruned beyond.
Fresh buds will bloom two weeks after pruning. Table grape species grow flower bundles between the third and the seventh node of the new shoot. However, in the flower cluster that fails to appear in the seventh node, these shoots are unproductive.
Remove flower or fruit bundles that deter the growth of the large fruits. This should be done on flower clusters before the flower has bloomed.
Hormones or growth controls may be used to improve fruit size and growth. However, this must be used with caution.
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