Genetic engineering

What you can learn at the end of this lesson:

1. Will gain the idea of ​​genetic engineering.

2. Learn the application of genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering

The technique of separating DNA fragments carrying a particular gene from an organism and transferring them to a different organism is called genetic engineering. Genetic engineering is also called genetic modification / manipulation. In 1982, Paul Berg created the world's first recombinant DNA molecule by combining the DNA of the monkey virus SV40 and the lambda virus. This is why Paul Berg is called the father of genetic engineering.

Cells are the smallest unit of animal or plant life. The nucleus of the cell is called the nucleus. Inside the nucleus are some special spiral objects called chromosomes. The chromosomes again contain some spiral-like objects called DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid). This DNA is divided into many parts. A specific part of this one is called the gene. Genes carry different characteristics of an organism.

The four goals of agricultural production through genetic engineering are:

1. To increase the quality of grain

2. To produce completely new material from grain

3. Protecting crops from various environmental threats

4. Accelerate crop growth and increase immunity

Steps in recombinant DNA technology

1. DNA selection

2. Selection of DNA carriers

3. DNA fragmentation

4. Fragmented DNA replacement

5. Recombinant DNA transfer in the host

. Increasing and evaluating the number of recombinant DNA.

Use of genetic engineering

Insulin production, quality crop production, disease treatment, hormone production, antivirals, fisheries development, pharmaceutical product production, vaccine and fuel production, genetic defects, environmental protection, etc.

Harmful aspects of genetic engineering

1. If recombinant DNA becomes harmful for any reason, it will cause catastrophic damage to the living world.

2. If the inserted gene synthesizes harmful proteins, it can lead to new diseases, including cancer.

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