Cell Physiology:
1. Cell:
- it is a basic unit of all organism
2. Cell environment
- our cell has:
* 60% water
* 20% Extracellular fluid; consist of
= 5% Plasma
= 15% Interstitial fluid
* 40% Intracellular fluid
3. Cell structures and function
• Cell membrane:
* also known as plasma membrane
* it is the outer layer
* it separates outer to inner cell
* it is a semipermeable that allows substance to pass through
* our plasma membrane has -25mV charge
* phospholipid bilayer means our cell membrane has double layered lipids
• Centrioles
* this structure is important in cell reproduction
• Endocytosis
* Pinocytosis - takes fluids and solute
* Phagocytosis - takes in large substances like bacteria
* Receptor Mediated - uptakes cholesterol and growth factor
• Cytoplasm
* it is the inner environment of the cell
• Cytosol
* it is a clear fluid where all organelles are suspended
• Endoplasmic Reticulum
* it has two types:
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - it synthesizes fats; enzymes from glycogen breakdown and detoxification
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - synthesizes protein; ribosome is the one that synthesizes protein
• Golgi Apparatus
* it is the highway of the cell or traffic director of the cell
* it produces lysosomes and carbohydrates from Soft Endoplasmic Reticulum
* Golgi modifies and packages protein filled vesicles from Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Lysosomes
* the suicidal bag/scavenger bag/demolition site
* produced by the Golgi apparatus
* it gets the bacteria and other damaged cell then it kills itself to eliminate it
• Peroxisome
* it is self replicating
* contains oxidase and uptakes alcohol
* it detoxifies free radicals
* free radicals are one who destroys protein and unpaired ions
• Mitochondria
* it is the powerhouse of the cell
* and was responsible for ATP production
* ATP or adenosine triposphate is the energy of the cell
• Cytoskeleton
* framework of the cell
* it supoorts the cytoplasm from centrioles, spindle fibers, cilia and flagella
* cilia is found in the lungs and nose
* flagella is found in the sperm
• Nucleus
* it is the control center of the cell
* it contains DNA or our genes
* inside the nucleus has the NUCLEOLI
* Nucleoli contains the RNA
To be continue...
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MITOCHONDRIA IS THE POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL!!!!