What is Diabetes Mellitus?

Hi everyone before we learned from my article let me first say thank you to my believers, this wonderful person continue believing me and support me all the time, even i m not good enough, because of them i have more power do make some article, thank you mga sissy.

Diabetes Mellitus

• Is a hereditary endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate or lack of insulin production that result in impaired glucose absorption and metabolism res ulting in hyperglycemia.

• Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of diseases that affect how your body uses blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is vital to your health because it's an important source of energy for the cells that make up your muscles and tissues. It's also your brain's main source of fuel.

Signs and Symptoms;

1. Hyperglycemia or (high blood glucose) 

   • There is too much sugar in the blood because the body lacks enough insulin. Associated with diabetes, hyperglycemia can cause vomiting, excessive hunger and thirst, rapid heartbeat, vision problems and other symptoms. Untreated hyperglycemia can lead to serious health problems.

   • The islets of Langerhans of the pancreas are the producers of insulin. The most important function of the insulin is to enable glucose to enter adipose and muscles cells to be utilizes as a source of energy. In diabetes mellitus, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. This glucose is unable to enter the cells and accumulates in the bloodstream resulting in hyperglycemia.

2. Glycosuria

   • is a term that defines the presence of reducing sugars in the urine, such as glucose, galactose, lactose, fructose, etc. Glucosuria connotes the presence of glucose in the urine and is the most frequent type of glycosuria and is the focus of this review.

   • a condition characterized by an excess of sugar in the urine, typically associated with diabetes or kidney disease.

   • When blood glucose level goes beyond the renal threshold for sugar, glocuse spills in the urine.

3. Polyuria (excessive urination)

   • Is urine output of > 3 L/day; it must be distinguished from urinary frequency, which is the need to urinate many times during the day or night but in normal or less-than-normal volumes.

   • If you have a condition called polyuria, it's because your body makes more pee than normal. Adults usually make about 3 liters of urine per day. But with polyuria, you could make up to 15 liters per day. It's a classic sign of diabetes

   • Glucose attracts water so that when it is excreated in the kidney it bring along with it large amounts of water resulting in excessive urination.

4. Polydipsia ( feeling of extreme thirstiness.)

   • Abnormally great thirst as a symptom of disease (such as diabetes) or psychological disturbance.

   • Is often linked to urinary conditions that cause you to urinate a lot. This can make your body feel a constant need to replace the fluids lost in urination.

   •  Polydipsia occurs in untreated or poorly controlled diabetes mellitus.

   • The excretion of large amount of fluids from the body leads to dehydration.Excessive thirst or polydipsia is an important symptoms of dehydration.

5. Weight loss

   • In people with diabetes, insufficient insulin prevents the body from getting glucose from the blood into the body's cells to use as energy. When this occurs, the body starts burning fat and muscle for energy, causing a reduction in overall body weight.

   • Since glucose cannot be utilized as a source of energy, the body uses its protein and fats stores in the muscles and adipose tissue resulting to weight loss.

As of now let we think about signs and symptoms in diabetic next day i will make article about COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETICS AND MANAGEMENT. i hope you enjoy and learn about this article, God blessed and take care.