A brilliant Russian writer.

Hello, my reader.

In this article I will tell you about one of my favorite writers, playwright, director, one of the best authors of the first half of the twentieth century. His plays have enjoyed great success since the mid-1920s, but the novels were appreciated only after his death, his name is Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov.

Mikhail Bulgakov was born on May 3 (15), 1891 in Kiev. Since 1901, the future writer received primary education at the First Kiev Gymnasium. In 1909, he entered the Kiev University at the Faculty of Medicine. In the second year, in 1913, Mikhail Afanasyevich married Tatyana Lappa.

After graduating from the university in 1916, Bulgakov got a job in one of the Kiev hospitals. In the summer of 1916, he was sent to the village of Nikolskoye in the Smolensk province. In a brief biography of Bulgakov, it is impossible not to mention that during this period the writer became addicted to morphine, but thanks to the efforts of his wife, he was able to overcome addiction.

During the civil war in 1919, Bulgakov was mobilized as a military doctor in the army of the Ukrainian People's Republic, and then in the army of Southern Russia. In 1920, Mikhail Afanasyevich fell ill with typhus, so he could not leave the country with the Volunteer Army.

In 1921, Bulgakov moved to Moscow. He is actively engaged in literary activities, begins to cooperate with many periodicals in Moscow: "Gudok", "Worker", etc., takes part in meetings of literary circles. In 1923, Mikhail Afanasievich joined the All-Russian Union of Writers, which also included A. Volynsky, F. Sologub, Nikolai Gumilev, Korney Chukovsky, Alexander Blok.

In 1924, Bulgakov divorced his first wife and a year later, in 1925, he married Lyubov Belozerskaya.

In 1924-1928, Bulgakov creates the most famous of his works: "Diaboliad", "heart of a Dog", "Blizzard", "the Fatal eggs", the novel "the White guard" (1925), "Zoyka's apartment", the play days of the Turbins (1926), "the Crimson island" (1927), Run (1928).

In 1926, in the Moscow art Theater was the premiere of the play days of the Turbins – piece set on the personal orders of Stalin.

In 1929, Bulgakov visited Leningrad, where he met E. Zamyatin and Anna Akhmatova. Because of the sharp criticism of the revolution in his works (in particular, in the drama "The Days of the Turbins"), Mikhail Afanasyevich was summoned several times for interrogations in the OGPU. Bulgakov is no longer published, his plays are forbidden to be staged in theaters.

In 1930, Mikhail Afanasyevich personally wrote a letter to I. Stalin with a request to grant him the right to leave the USSR or allow him to earn a living. After that, the writer was able to get a job as an assistant director at the Moscow Art Theater. In 1934, Bulgakov was admitted to the Soviet Union of Writers, whose chairmen at various times were Maxim Gorky, Alexey Tolstoy, A. Fadeev.

In 1931, Bulgakov broke up with L. Belozerskaya and in 1932 married Elena Shilovskaya, with whom he had been acquainted for several years.

Mikhail Bulgakov, whose biography was full of different events, has been very ill in recent years. The writer was diagnosed with hypertensive nephrosclerosis (kidney disease). On March 10, 1940, Mikhail Afanasyevich died. Bulgakov was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.

"The Master and Margarita" is the most important work of Mikhail Bulgakov, which he dedicated to his last wife Elena Sergeevna Bulgakova. The writer worked on the novel for more than ten years until his death. The novel is the most discussed and important work in the biography and work of the writer. During the writer's lifetime, "The Master and Margarita" was not published because of the censorship ban. The novel was first published in 1967.