Martyrdom of Hazrat Uthman

Martyrdom of Hazrat Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him)

The first six years of the caliphate of Hazrat Osman (R) passed peacefully on the 4th of Muharram in the year 24 AH, but in the second six years the world seemed to change. The only reason for this change was that the holy congregation of the Companions, who had learned the lessons of unity and philosophy of life from the blessed companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him), were slowly leaving the world. The later people who were inheriting this great congregation were not able to inherit the successful inheritance of their predecessors in terms of self-sacrifice and piety. But as the light of Tauhid began to wane, so did the interests and conflict-intellects begin to fill that space. As a result, the sincere unity of each other is destroyed. As a result of the destruction of this sincere unity, the stronghold of the Islamic Caliphate was soon demolished.

First of all, the seeds of destructive energy were blocked in Kufa. Ashtar Nakhayi, a non-Arab influential man, started preaching that under Islamic law, a handful of Quraysh had no right to subjugate the entire Muslim nation. Ordinary Muslims have won the state together, so every Muslim has the right to lead in an Islamic state.

The non-Arabs began to accept this doctrine of Ashtar Nakhai very easily. Their efforts led to the formation of a conspiratorial group. They started various propaganda against Sayyid ibn al-As, the ruler of Kufr. Sayyid ibn al-'As, with the permission of Uthman, deported ten of their leaders to Syria in order to suppress the propagandists. As a result, a revolutionary party was formed in Basra. Abdullah ibn Saba had already started the work of Ashtar Nakha'i in Kufa and Basra in Egypt.

Abdullah ibn Saba is a neo-Muslim who was formerly a Jew. He was very happy to know about the revolutionaries of Basra and Kufra. Within a short time, he came in contact with various destructive forces and they decided to remove Hazrat Osman from the post of caliphate.

Abdullah ibn Saba sent his preachers around very quickly. His preachers began to gain the confidence of ordinary Muslims at first, with the appearance of outward piety.

Then he started spreading various propaganda against Hazrat Uthman (R) and his rulers. Ordinary people tend to get excited. They weakened the reverence for the Caliph in the hearts of ordinary Muslims for the sake of Islam. The revolutionary propaganda was so successful that people like Muhammad ibn Abu Hudhayfah and Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr joined the ranks of propagandists. The situation reached such a point that the situation in Medina itself began to change significantly.

One day Hazrat Osman (ra) stood up to give the Friday sermon and as soon as he finished praising Allah, a man stood up and said, - Osman, follow the Book of Allah. Hazrat Osman (ra) said very politely, "Sit down and read," but the man stood up again inside the khutbah and repeated the previous words. Hazrat Osman (RA) requested him to sit down again. He sat down and stood up again. Hazrat Osman (ra), the epitome of patience and humility, did not get excited about that either. He said very politely, you sit down and read the sermon. But since all this was done on the basis of a well-planned conspiracy, this time a large group of supporters of the man stood up and surrounded Uthman and hurled stones at him, hurling stones at the caliph of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). Said nothing; Instead, he forgave everyone.

Chaos slanderers:

Five slanders were leveled against Hazrat Osman on behalf of the troublemakers. E.g.

(1) He has appointed eminent Companions and appointed his incompetent relatives to important positions in the state.

(2) He is distributing the money of Baitul Maal among his own people

(3) He burned all the remaining copies except the Qur'an written by Hazrat Zayd Ibn Thabit.

(4) He has humiliated some of the Companions and created some new innovations.

(5) He has openly betrayed the delegation from Egypt.

The above allegations were entirely conspiratorial. E.g.

(1) The removal of the Companions from official duties was a purely constitutional matter.

(2) All that he gave to his people was allowed to be his personal property.

(3) The copy of the Qur'an which he preserved was collected and compiled by Hadrat Abu Bakr. So what could be a more accurate copy than this?

(4) All the innovations that were talked about are completely Ijtehadi matters. So these cannot be called bidat at all.

(5) We will give the details of the Egyptian delegation later.

Conference of Governors:

Hazrat Osman (R) convened a conference of provincial rulers to learn about the massive rise of destructive forces across the state. At the conference he was given the following advice:

Abdullah Ibn Amer: Send troops to any country and let the people be engaged in jihad. This will remove the chaos on its own.

Emir Moabia: The rulers of each province should take responsibility for defending their respective provinces.

Amr ibn al-As: You do justice, otherwise resign from the caliphate

But at the end of the conference, Amr ibn al-As apologized to Hadrat 'Uthman and said, "I made this offer to gain the confidence of the rebels, but from now on I will inform you of their secret activities." After the conclusion of the conference, Hazrat Osman (ra) considered all aspects and took three approaches.

(1) Saad ibn al-As, the ruler of Kufra, was deposed and Abu Musa Ash'ari was sent to that place.

(2) He sent a commission of inquiry to inquire into the governance of each province.

(3) Generally declared, each of the Hajj will make their own complaints, they will be appropriately remedied.

Rebels attack Medina:

The troublemakers did not want reform. For this reason, when Hazrat Uthman (ra) undertook a major reform of the system of governance, at that very moment they began to move towards Madinah in different groups. On the way, they introduced themselves as pilgrims. As they approached Medina, they set up camp in various places, disguised as soldiers. Upon hearing the news of the rebels, Hazrat Uthman sent Hazrat Talha, Hazrat Zubair, Hazrat Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas and Hazrat Ali one by one to advise the rebels to return to their respective areas. He assured them that their every reasonable demand would be met. A meeting was called at the mosque to consider the situation. Talha Ibn Abdullah stood up and spoke harshly to the Caliph.

The message from Hazrat Ayesha Siddique is real, why don't you remove a person like Abdullah Ibn Abi Sarah, who is accused of killing the Companions, from the position of the ruler of Egypt. Hazrat Ali also supported this view and the Caliph said, "Let the Egyptian protesters elect their own ruler, I will appoint him in place of Abdullah bin Abi Sarah." The name of Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr was proposed on behalf of the rebels. Hazrat Osman (ra) wrote a farman in his name. Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr left for Egypt with a number of Muhajirs and Ansar. The matter was settled here as it was then.

A few days after the incident, it was reported that rebels were re-entering Medina. The Muslims came out and saw the sound of 'revenge' and 'revenge' echoing in the streets of Medina. When the people of Madinah asked the rebels about such an astonishing return, they made such strange accusations against Hazrat Uthman that everyone was stunned.

They said that when the caravan of Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr reached the third floor, it was seen that a government camel rider was speeding towards Egypt. The companions of Muhammad ibn Abu Barr captured him. They asked the man, কেWho are you and where are you going? The man replied, "I am going to the slave of Amir al-Mu'minin, the ruler of Egypt."

The people pointed to Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr and said, "He is the ruler of Egypt." The man said, "It's not him," and he started walking again. People recaptured him and a letter was found after a search. The letter bore the seal of Uthman and said, "Whenever Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr and others with him come to you, kill them immediately and keep every complainant captive until he receives a second order."

The rebels said that Hazrat Osman (RA) had betrayed us. We will take revenge on him. Hazrat Ali, Hazrat Talha, Hazrat Zubair, Hazrat Saad (RA) and many other Companions gathered. The rebels placed the said letter of Uthman in front of them. Hazrat Osman (ra) also went there and the conversation started.

Hazrat Ali (RA) said: Amirul Momenin, is this slave yours?

Hazrat Osman (RA) said: Yes, mine.

Hazrat Ali (ra) asked again: Is this camel also yours?

Hazrat Osman (RA) replied: Yes, it is mine.

Hazrat Ali (ra) asked: Is this seal on the letter yours?

Hazrat Osman (RA) said: Yes, the seal is also mine.

Hazrat Ali (ra) said: Did you write this letter too?

Hazrat Uthman (ra) replied: I swear by Allah that I am present, I did not write this letter myself, I did not instruct anyone else to write it, I do not know anything about it.

Hazrat Ali (ra) said: Surprisingly, the letter-carrying slave is yours, the camel of the vehicle is yours, and the seal engraved on the letter is also yours. But you know nothing about the meaning of the letter.

Hazrat Osman (RA) said, "By Allah, I did not write this letter myself, nor did I ask anyone to write it, nor did I ask it to be sent to Egypt."

Examining the script of the letter, it was found that it was Marwan's handwriting. At this time Marwan was staying at the house of Hazrat Osman. The people demanded that you leave Marwan in our hands, but Hazrat Osman (RA) refused to do so. That is why the commotion started. Most people think that Hazrat Osama (ra) can never swear falsely. He doesn't really know anything about this, but some people are saying, why isn't he leaving Marwan in our hands? We will search and retrieve the actual information. If Marwan is found guilty, he will suffer his punishment. Hazrat Osman thought that if Marwan was handed over to the rebels, he would be killed. For this he refused to hand over Marwan to them.

The rebels besieged the house of Hazrat Osman and demanded his resignation from the caliphate. Hazrat Uthman replied, "As long as I have my last breath, I cannot give up this God-given dignity." We will be patient till the last moment of our lives as per the instructions of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).

The siege lasted for forty days! The supply of food and drink to the Caliph's house was completely cut off. The arrogance of the rebels was so great that they did not even care for the eminent Companions. One day when the Muslim mother Hazrat Umm Salama (R) left with some food and drink, the unfortunate ones returned to her.

Hazrat Osman (RA) summoned Hazrat Ali, but the rebels did not allow him to enter the house. Hazrat Ali (ra) took off his turban and sent it to the caliph He returned empty-handed, so that the caliph could realize the importance of the situation.

When the condition of the besieged in the Caliph's house became deplorable, Hazrat Osman (ra) himself stood on the roof of the house and said, "Is Ali among you?" People said, no. He said again, "Is there Saad in this crowd?" The people answered, No, he is not. This time he was a little depressed. After thinking for a while, he asked again, "Is there anyone among you who would go to Ali and ask him to provide water to the thirsty people here?"

A man heard the request of the widow of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and immediately ran to Hazrat Ali. He sent the mosquito water. This water was reached after such an effort that some slaves of the Bani Hashem and Bani Umayyad tribes were severely injured.

This time the news spread throughout Medina that if Marwan was not handed over to the rebels, Hazrat Osman would be killed. Upon hearing this news, Hazrat Ali (ra) instructed Hazrat Hasan and Husain to go and stand at the door of the caliph with open swords so that no rebel could enter his house. Hazrat Talha, Hazrat Zubair (RA) and some other prominent Companions sent their children to guard the Caliph's house.

Hazrat Osman's appeal to the rebels

Hazrat Osman (ra) tried to persuade the rebels several times.