global warming

Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), trap heat from the sun in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to a gradual rise in temperature. This process is often associated with climate change, as it has a wide range of impacts on the planet's ecosystems, weather patterns, sea levels, and overall climate.

The primary driver of global warming is the burning of fossil fuels (such as coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy, which releases large quantities of CO2 and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Deforestation and certain industrial processes also contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. The accumulation of these gases over time enhances the natural greenhouse effect, causing the Earth's surface temperature to increase, a phenomenon often referred to as "climate change."

Global warming poses significant environmental, social, and economic challenges, including more frequent and severe weather events, rising sea levels, disruptions to ecosystems, threats to agriculture and food security, and potential impacts on human health. Mitigating global warming requires efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through cleaner energy sources, energy efficiency, sustainable land use practices, and international cooperation to address this pressing global issue.