Where does the mass come from?
From Einstein's E = mc2 or from Higgs field?
What is the mass of the substance?
Does the mass increase or decrease? Or stay still?
What does mass mean?
What is the mass of light?
1.
Mass is a measure of total matter?
So what is substance again?
Which thing is material and which is useless?
Let's clear.
Mass is a measure of inertia.
Mass is a thing that prevents the movement of an object from changing.
Changing the motion of an object does not just bind the mass. Velocity also binds. Together we say momentum. To change the speed you have to change the momentum.
Let's talk about the ball this time.
The great scientist Sir Isaac Newton defined the ball four hundred years ago today. The definition is that force is the change of momentum with time.
If the force is F, the change of momentum is d (mv), this change takes time dt, then,
F = d (mv) / dt
Newton used to think that mass remains constant. According to him, m is constant. So, the force is just a change in mass * velocity.
F = m * dv / dt
The change in velocity is called swimming. a = dv / dt
We write, F = ma
As Einstein showed, mass changes. So, there is no point in holding the mass constant. Then
F = d (mv) / dt
But
F = ma no.
Clear?
2.
Energy is the force * displacement.
If an object is moved by the application of force, then energy is obtained by multiplying that force by moving.
The mass of an object was mo. Velocity was 0. I gave the ball evenly. The momentum changed. The velocity increases v. The object is moved s. Swimming a = dv / dt.
So, according to Newton, the total applied energy is,
E = m0 * a * s
At velocity 0, we get,
v2 = 2 a s
Hence, E = ½m0v2
This time let's talk about Einstein.
According to special relativity, mass is not constant.
The mass of an object was m0. The velocity was 0.
When you put the ball in it, both mass and speed change.
That is, t changes the velocity over time and when I do the velocity v, the mass itself will increase from m0 to m.
Clear?
Earlier it was thought that the mass remains constant, now the mass is also changing.
How much will change is available from the Lorenz conversion. I will not give the equation proof here, I will give it with the link, you can take a look.
I gave the ball a little bit, a little bit the mass and the speed changed, it takes energy
E = (m - m0) c2
This is the value of kinetic energy.
According to Newton, there was a value of kinetic energy
E = 1/2 m0 v2
According to Einstein, that is the value of the same kinetic energy
E = (m - m0) c2
Einstein was right. Newton made little mistake. This thing has been proven in thousands of tests.
If the value of velocity v is too low
The value of E = (m - m0) c2 will be approximately equal to 1/2 m0 v2. Then Newton's formula can be used.
Clear ??
3.
The speed thing is relative.
Your speed is subject to me. But your speed is 0 depending on yourself.
Therefore, the mass for velocity is also relative.
Your mass was m0 before. Because of my velocity v, your mass is m.
m is your relative mass.
This relative mass will be useful for balls.
When the earth pulls you, if your velocity relative to the earth is v, then this relative mass will come as.
When you measure your own mass, do you measure it?
Right, you measure, your mass m0. There is what was before.
This m0 is called rest month.
In many places today, scientists express the rest month with m, and the relative mass with gamma m.
I will not go into that trouble in this article.
4.
So what do I understand?
I realized that before the mass was m0, after giving energy the mass was m0.
This time, let's talk about what the relative mass is.
Suppose you are measuring the total mass of a system.
Suppose the system is a proton.
A proton has three quarks. And there is weightless gluon.
The mass of the three quarks was measured separately. Then joined.
Is this the total mass of protons ??
This time if you really measure the mass of the protons, you get a push.
The mass of three quarks gives only 1% of the total mass of a proton.
You made a mistake, because you forgot that the gluons are moving relative to you.
Almost all the mass of a proton comes from the kinetic energy of gluons.
The same is true of a neutron.
This rule is not just about protons and neutrons. Works everywhere.
Thinks very generally.
Mass is energy.
I gave you a box. There are 10 marbles in the box.
If the marbles are stationary, you will measure the mass of the box more than the mass of the marbles.
That marble is again made of atomic atoms.
If you want to measure the mass of a marble, you have to bring the scattering of that molecule in your head.
Again, in the case of the mass of an atom, the motion of the electron, the proton, the neutron must be taken into account.
Finally, the kinetic energy of the quarks comes to mind during the mass of protons.
5.
The mass will increase due to the kinetic energy at each step.
Now there is mass m.
Before that it was m0.
This m0 is again due to the kinetic energy of its inner particles. The mass of the particles is even less.
Einstein said,
By breaking down in this way we will eventually reach a place where the mass is zero.
Starting from absolutely zero mass, increasing the momentum is the amount of energy required to bring mass
E = mc2
Einstein's famous mass energy equation: It works in all cases.
If we break this equation, we get:
E2 = (m0c2) + (pc) 2
p is the momentum together.
Many people think that E = mc2 is not a whole, the real equation is below.
This idea is wrong.
Currently using m instead of m0 causes confusion.
Both, two forms of the same equation.
So far so clear ??
5.
The fact that Einstein said that when you open the box, you will reach zero is perfectly applicable to photons.
The rest month of the photon is m0 = 0
That means,
E2 = (m0c2) + (pc) 2
= (pc) 2
The photon gains momentum due to motion. Its relative mass grows. Energy also comes from that mass.
I get square root,
E = pc
This energy is measured using E = hf.
Photon has no rest month.
But if I don't have a box photon. The mass of that box will be much more than the photonless box.
Because the photon will come as a relative mass.
.
That is, mass means the amount of energy.
A nucleus is heavy. Neutron protons were scurrying inside the waiter. Was attracting.
If I break him, they'll come out and run.
Some light particles will also be born.
There is no energy to break the mass.
Mass means rush. Kinetic energy.
Mass means attraction. Potential.
Mass means energy.
You are heavy. You have eyebrows. That means, even if you don't, your inner particles have a lot of energy.
.
We see that the rest month of the photon is zero.
That's normal.
Photons are elementary particles.
There is no one to run inside.
99% of the mass of protons comes from the energy of gluons.
The remaining 1% comes from the mass of quarks.
But quarks are elementary particles.
Who will run inside?
Quarks and electrons are supposed to be weightless. Where will they get the mass?
The answer is, Higgs field.
(Continued)
