·      Indo-Islamic Architecture

·       Indo-Islamic architecture is the architecture of the Indian subcontinent producing for pastorals and Islamic purposes. Despite the former Islamic presence in Sindh in modern Pakistan, its main history begins when Muhammad made Delhi an Islamic capital in 1193. Both the Sultans of Delhi and the Mongol dynasty who succeeded them came from Central Asia through Afghanistan, accustomed to the Central Asian style of Islamic architecture derived largely from Iran.

·       The types and forms of large buildings requested by Muslim elites, with the most common mosques and cemeteries, were quite different from those previously built in India. The outer covers of both domes were mostly topped with large domes, and arches were widely used. Both of these features were hardly used in Hindu architecture and other local Indian styles. Both types of buildings consisted mainly of one large area under a high dome, completely avoiding the very important figurines of Hindu temples

·      Building materials

·       The main buildings were mainly used for dry stone. In northern India, sandstone dominates, the color varies greatly by region.

·       For the western step, red sandstone is typical, while in other areas, brown and yellow varieties dominate. White marble was used for decoration purposes.

·       Large domes and domes made of bricks or bricks were given great stability by solid concrete mortar, as the roof structures were closed with a mortar layer to prevent water entry and plant growth.

·      Construction technology

·       Bends and Waterfalls

·       The most important feature of Indo-Islamic architecture, the arch, was initially built in the traditional Hindu style as a false arch of stacked stones, with Kabuli barriers, but could not withstand any significant stress. In order to improve fixed characteristics, Hindu craftsmen began building the Guout Islam Mosque in Delhi in the early 13th century to distort the joints between the stones at the top of the perpendicular arch on the arch line. This way they finally reached a real arch with radiatingly laid stones. The most famous forms of the bow were the pointed arch and the crossbow arch.

·      Cabinets and domes

·       In addition to the arch, the dome is one of the main features of Indo-Islamic architecture.

·       The prayer rooms in the mosques were covered with one or more mughals during the Mongol period, which are usually three domes.

·       Early Indo-Islamic tombs were simple vaulted buildings with a cube-shaped structure. In later times there is a accumulation of cemeteries with a large central dome and four smaller domes, which are located in the peaks of the square surrounds the circle of the dome.