★Antigens are bacteria, viruses or fungi that enter the body from the outside of the animal's body and cause infections, which stimulate the body's immune system to make antibodies. Antigens are usually proteins that are in the upper layers of the pathogen. However, it can be lipids, carbohydrates or nucleic acids.
★Antibodies are Y-shaped protein molecules that are made in the animal body to work against antigens coming from outside the body. Antibodies are also called immunoglobulins.
★Blood tests can be done to find out if antibodies have been made in the body of those who have been infected with the pathogen and have recovered. Patients infected with Covid-19 do not produce any antibodies within 14 days of the onset of symptoms. Studies have shown that in most viral infections, antibodies can remain in the body for up to a month or a year after the patient recovers. Once a healthy patient is confirmed to have antibodies, he or she can donate blood plasma to another infected patient. The antibody can work in the new patient's body through plasma. This is called plasma therapy.
★Antibody testing is not just for plasma donation. Extensive antibody testing is also needed to determine the extent to which a pathogen has spread in an area, and to what extent it is resistant, whether lockdown can be relaxed, and whether hard immunity has been established. Two types of antibodies are usually tested. The antibody that is tested in the body in the early stages of infection is called the IgM antibody test. The antibody that is produced in the body after recovering from an infection is called the IgG test. The IgM test can give results within 15 minutes, but the IgG test results usually take a week.
★When a person's body wins an antibody fight against a pathogen, it is not possible to say for sure whether the person is likely to be infected again. However, the chances are slim. In the case of Covid-19, we have noticed many strains of SARS-CoV-2 in a very short time. Whether the antibodies of a particular strain will work in the virus of another strain cannot be ascertained. As a result, we can't say that plasma therapy will work 100%.
★In the case of Covid-19, many countries around the world are now in the fourth stage of infection, meaning they are in the community stage of infection. Hard immunity is supposed to be created in this condition. To ensure this, extensive antibody testing at the community level can help us decide on a lockdown.
★There was love for all the people of the world.
