Herceg Novi

Herceg Novi, a town, municipal center and port on the northern shore of the Herceg Novi (Toplan) Bay in the Bay of Kotor, Montenegro; 11 059 st. (2011). It lies at the foot of Orjen, on the slopes of Dobroštica (1570 m), along the Adriatic highway. The old part with the remains of medieval fortresses (Španjola, Kanli kula) and the city walls, with a clock tower (XVII century) and baroque churches from the XVII. st. Theater; local museum, city archive. The newer part of the quarter is a villa surrounded by parks and lush subtropical vegetation (mimosa, palm trees). Herceg Novi is a famous bathing place and climatic health resort. - The city was founded in 1382 by King Tvrtko I to serve as a port and trade center. Originally, the city was called Sveti Stefan, but that name has not survived. Names prevailed insteadNovi, Castelnuovo, ie. Castrum novum. In the time of Stjepan Vukčić Kosača, the town was called "Herceg's new town" after him (hence the present name). Herceg Novi became known as the main salt warehouse, and later for the production of choke. In 1483 it was occupied and then well fortified by the Ottomans, and in 1538 it was occupied by the Venetians. From 1539 it was again under Ottoman rule, and in 1687 it came into Venetian possession again, and since then maritime affairs have developed in the town (in 1787 40 sailors are mentioned). With the collapse of the Venetian Republic in 1797, it came under Austrian rule (until 1805), then in 1806–07. first held by the Russians, then by the French in 1813, and after them it was under Austrian rule until 1918. After 1918, it belonged with the Bay of Kotor to Dalmatia, from 1929 it was part of the Zeta Banovina, and after World War II. World War II belonged to Montenegro. He was badly injured in the 1979 earthquake.