However, the problem arises when the amount of these greenhouse gases increases on the earth's surface, thereby increasing the temperature and drastically altering the climate, some of these gases are emitted by the agricultural and industrial activities of man, the use of fossil fuels, aerosols, intensive agricultural and livestock production, cooling gases, among others. If to this is added the destruction of the plant lungs of the planet through logging and deforestation, it will be promoting the destruction of the lowland and therefore of the human species.
On the other hand, the excess of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has influenced soil degradation, and this occurs because soils have the capacity to store large amounts of organic carbon, but since the beginning of the industrial revolution, the organic carbon content in soils was reduced by half, according to the United Nations (UNEP, 2012) points out,
Soil carbon plays a vital role in regulating the climate, water supply and biodiversity, and it is essential to provide essential ecological services for human well-being, given the panorama that we face of a projected increase of 50 % of food demand, 35-50% of water demand, and 45% of energy.
Taking into account that soils exchange carbon and organic matter produced by plants with the atmosphere, and that they release CO2 through microorganisms, generating a greater amount of organic carbon, and that it contributes to minimizing climate change, regulating the climate, water supplies and reservoirs. As well as the same organic matter of the soils contributes positively to develop and improve its own structure and that in turn the amount of carbon, and other nutrients such as nitrogen allow to form fertile and productive soils, then each and every one of the beings humans who practice agriculture in the world, should consider the need to develop a healthier and more sustainable agriculture, which does not generate so much impact on soils and the environment to be able to cultivate and harvest, and for this it is necessary to couple and adapt to the climate change without generating impact on the soil and under tree replanting patterns.
How do you consider the need to adapt or adapt to climate change in the world in order to develop agricultural production in a sustainable way and replant deforested land?
Some years ago, local people had stated that the lands had been denying them cultivation, this theory from an ecological perspective should be, man, through the abuse of the soil, has been denying the necessary nutrients to mother earth to be able to cultivate. Adaptation is not a measure that will be used immediately, it will take many years for man to understand this meaning and especially older farmers and peasants who consider treating the soils in a positive way, the adaptation process should be directed mainly to agricultural associations , to the state, to universities, schools and companies.
Next, some medium and long-term measures will be developed aimed at the process of coupling and adaptation to climate change in the world, with the aim of improving current agricultural practice:
• Minimize the felling of trees and the burning of the soils, this type of agriculture is commonly known as migratory agriculture, the farmer clears the land by cutting down and burning the vegetation present, to later cultivate and when this soil becomes infertile the farmer leaves to other lands, continuing the cycle. This type of agriculture must be replaced by a more sustainable agriculture with fewer impacts on the soil.
• Organic agriculture, as an alternative to reduce the environmental impact by producing fewer pollutants in the air, water and soil, and as the main alternative to optimize the health of the soil, animals, plants and people. Organic fertilizers cause fewer incidences on the land.
• Promote campaigns in various radio and television media on the impact of climate change on agriculture and climate information to prevent the formation of greenhouse gases and educate communities and the general population on how to adapt to climate change.
• Eliminate the use of soil pollutants such as fertilizers, pesticides, inorganic fertilizers, chemicals, pesticides, excessive tillage of the soil, and take into consideration the use of organic fertilizers such as: excrement of certain birds, waste or decomposition of certain plants and vegetables, legumes green manures or seaweed. Among others.
• Change the variety of crops in the soil according to the crop that best adapts to the existing climatic conditions due to climate change, and cultivate several rubles increasing a greater diversity, called agro-biodiversity, in order to increase the adaptability of the productive system .
• Farmers must adapt to the conditions of climate, soil, humidity, temperature, solar irradiation, pests and other agents, to be able to adapt their crops to these adverse conditions and for this it is to import traditional cultivation without major incidences in the soils and taking into account the current climatic conditions.
• Taking advantage of the genetic diversity of underutilized crops in the world, being those species that were produced in the past and that are not currently produced. Dependence on crops such as only rice, potatoes, corn and wheat must be left, this dependence has caused an increase in polluting agents, it is necessary to produce other types of food.