Hieroglyphics. The language that wrote the first civilization of man.

Hieroglyphics represent the official language of pharaonic civilization, the first civilization known to man on the banks of the Nile Valley, in which the sciences, arts and religious beliefs of the ancient Egyptian were written on the walls and papyrus leaves, to be the main role in the transmission of pharaonic civilization and the discovery of its secrets and events. and its sciences and arts.

Hieroglyphics mean "sacred inscription", a Greek word, and is considered one of the systems of pictorial writing rather than craft, which relies on the use of shapes and drawings to communicate meanings, and the meaning of "sacred inscription" refers to the frequent use of by pharaohs in temples, tombs, statues and paintings, and has Inspired by the common origins of the hieroglyphics, the ancient Egyptian language was inspired by the common assets, using images of animals, flowers, houses and snakes to express their own meanings, and the initials were only what expressed these things, as the house was expressed only with the letter B, and remained so with the succession of ruling families.

The hieroglyphic line was the first building of the ancient Egyptian language, consisting of four lines other than this line, namely Coptic, Hiartian and Demotic, each of which was used in succession, but due to the consistency and integration of the hieroglyphic line, the focus was stronger on simplifying that line. It was always used, and thus became the official language for the codification of Egyptian civilization.

Hieroglyphics were known and spread when rosetta stone was discovered, and deciphered by Champollion, a member of the French campaign that invaded Egypt, but the first attempts to decipher and name hieroglyphics were calculated for the Greeks, when some of the paintings aroused the interest of their scientists, so they worked on Try to decipher them to understand them.

Dr. Emad Mahdi, a member of the Federation of Egyptian Archaeologists, says: It is an official biblical pattern of ancient Egypt, based on graphicdrawings of environmental assets, and the purpose of its use was to write down events on the walls of temples and cemeteries, in order to preserve the royal families of ancient civilization, and so on Its use over successive times reinforced that it was a decorative art, so hieroglyphics became the official language and father of all kinds of subsequent lines, and came discovered by some Greek scholars who tried very much to decipher a number of paintings until the French campaign on Egypt, and the beginning of attempts The deciphering of the Rosetta Stone by one of its officers, named Champollion, which reached the meanings of many of the pictorial forms that exist and are scattered in several places in temples, cemeteries and forts, where his interpretations stated that the inscription of the plant symbolizes agriculture, and the inscription of the house symbolizes the dwellings and temples, which contributed to the dissemination of Hieroglyphics are more, and to illustrate the idea that it is one of the ancient Egyptian lines and not a stand-alone language, the Coptic, Demotic and Hiratic calligraphy are added, but the consistency of the calligraphy made it more common among the generals than the rest of the lines that followed it afterwards.

Mahdi added: Hieroglyphics consist of graphic drawings and complex alphabets, divided into three sections, the first of which is monophonic symbols, i.e. they symbolize only a single meaning, and it speaks and writes in only one letter, and the second group is bi-sound, i.e. utters and writes literally together, they cannot separate, while The third group, called the triangular symbols, is called letters and inscriptions symbolizing three glosses, and hieroglyphics contain additional markers other than these inscriptions and letters, but they are not pronounced but used to determine the number, as well as some other letters that only identify and confirm Meaning.

For his part, Ahmed Amer, an archeologist, explains that hieroglyphics were the official language of the Ancient Egyptians, and successively with the succession of ruling families, and used the method of writing vertically and horizontally, starting from the right to the left, if there are not some walls of a special nature, then change The written rules of the language, such as the text is written from left to right, and the direction of the text is also determined by the direction of the comic letters, if the use of images of animals or birds going to the right, the writing of the text starts from the left to the right, but it reads from right to left, and places The texts vary according to their meaning, and if the text is a saying of a king, it is written above his head.

Amer points out the importance and value of hieroglyphics in the pharaohs in expressing the value of things and people, and the history of them and the codification of their civilization were according to their location, they used written material and high-end tools in blogging on the walls of temples and cemeteries, and they were interested in writing full and prominent symbols in The text call status for that.

Dr. Amani Abdel Hamid, professor of history at Cairo University, said hieroglyphics played a key role in codifying ancient Egyptian civilization, where the pharaohs used it in a way that was deeply drilled on the walls.

Dr. Amani points out that hieroglyphics were used as an official language in codifying the history of the religious monuments of the gods, the stories and legends of pharaonic scholars, in addition to recording some of the secrets of the different sciences that characterized the different families of ancient Egypt, such as medicine and embalming, An extension of the magic and how to build some monuments and statues, and the materials exploited in the construction process, and the keenness of the Pharaohs, as well as the use of hieroglyphics in recording the secrets of industry, especially the manufacture of papers used in the writing of secrets, has used papyrus in the process, in which he mentioned that these The language was not eligible for registration on the papers, but after it was developed it was easy to use letters with multiple faces glued to paper to express different texts and meanings, to be hieroglyphics as the official language to write down the first civilization known to man.