The earth's surface is divided into several solid layers. These are called tectonic plates. They have accumulated on the surface of the earth for billions of years. About 71% of the earth's surface is covered by saltwater oceans. The rest is made up of continents and numerous islands. There are also numerous lakes and other sources of water on land. These are the water bodies of the world. Liquid water, which is essential for life, is not found anywhere in the planet's crust. The Earth's poles are always covered with solid ice (Antarctic ice sheet) or marine ice (Arctic ice cap). The interior of the earth is always active. This part consists of a thick layer of a relatively hard mantle, a liquid outer center (which forms a magnetic field) and a hard iron core.

The Earth's relationship with other objects in the universe exists. This planet has a special relationship with the sun and the moon in particular. At present, the Earth orbits the Sun in its orbit at approximately 365.26 solar days or one star year. [Note 4] The Earth is tilted at an angle of 23.4 degrees on its axis. This results in the change of seasons in the Earth's crust over a period of one equinox year (365.24 solar days). The only known natural satellite of the earth is the moon. The moon began orbiting the earth 4.35 billion years ago. As a result of the motion of the moon, the tides on the earth are tidal and the slope of the earth's orbit is stable. The speed of the moon is slowly reducing the speed of the earth. Between 3.8 billion and 4.1 billion years later, during the next collision, the Earth's surface collided with multiple asteroids, causing significant changes in the planet's surface environment.

Both the mineral and biological resources of the planet are essential for the survival of mankind. The inhabitants of this planet live in about 200 independent sovereign states, dividing the entire planet. Mutual diplomatic, tourism, trade and military relations exist between all these states. Human culture is the originator of various ideas about the planet. These concepts include imagining the earth as a god, imagining a flat world, and imagining the earth as the center of the universe. There is also a modern tendency to imagine the world as an integrated environment. This idea is currently prevalent.