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The world's first known University was ‘Takshashila’ formed in the 7th century BC in modern day Pakistan. Around 10,500 students from 16 countries studied 63 different courses that included Vedas, astronomy, philosophy, surgery, politics, warfare, commerce, music, archery. A view is expressed that the world’s first brain surgery operation took place at Takshashila University, where Chanakya taught International Politics and Panini focused on Mathematics.