The problem can manifest itself as a sudden flash of light or a wavy or wavy curtain hanging over your field of vision. The objects do not seem to have a definition. Spot showers can affect your vision.
All of these symptoms do not indicate serious eye problems. However, if any of them persist, it is advisable to consult your ophthalmologist. The problem may be retinal detachment. What does it mean?
The wonderful structure in your eyes
A look at the wonderful structure in your eyes will be instructive. The eyeball or "globe" is round, except in front of it where it has a bulge. “This lump,” according to the book Living with Eye Surgery, “contains the eye's light removal device. The "skin" of the entire eyeball is opaque [not transparent] to light, except for this bulge, which is usually a wonderfully clear round window called the cornea. ""
Behind the cornea is the colored iris with a hole or pupil in the middle. The iris automatically enlarges or narrows the pupil to control the amount of light entering the eye.
The lens is placed directly behind the iris. It works with the cornea to focus light on the back of the eyeball, where it is converted into electrical impulses that are transmitted to the visual center of the brain. It is the brain, not the eyes, that really "sees".
On the back of the lens, the eyeball is filled with vitreous. It is a clear gelatinous substance, which consists mainly of water with a small amount of solids.
The unique "skin" of the eyeball
The "skin" of the eye gloss consists of three layers. The outermost layer is the sclera. It is hard, dense and opaque in most eyes and prevents light from penetrating. In the anterior part, however, the sclera becomes a transparent cornea.
The middle layer on this skin is very complicated. At the front of the eyeball, it separates into other structures, including the iris. However, more than four-fifths of the eyeball forms a mostly continuous layer called the choroid.
It is the third or innermost layer of the eyeball's triple skin that draws our special attention. This retina is a "very thin membrane" that provides light images that enter the eye the shape, color and structure that the brain perceives. Although "very thin", the retina consists of many different layers. It consists of three main layers of cells: (1) nerve cells facing the central cavity, (2) photosensitive cells in the middle, and (3) pigment-containing cells facing outward near the choroid. ""
There are millions of photosensitive cells in the retina and each eye contains about 130 million rods that respond to low light and only transmit gray levels to the 7 million cones that are mainly concentrated in the center of the retina. . They respond to radiant light in the fovea and are responsible for color vision. Fovea is also about one square millimeter, about that size.
Small nerve fibers go from the rods and cones to all parts of the eye. They join the back of the eyeball and form the optic nerve, which is connected to the brain.
A threat to good eyesight
Good vision requires a healthy retina. But something often threatens health. How is it? The retina breaks away from the choroid membrane behind and nourishes it. This leads to retinal degeneration and eventually blindness.
Tens of thousands of people suffer from this disease.The incidence of retinal detachment is estimated to be 15,000 to 20,000 per year, of which only 15 to 16 percent is trauma-related; the rest is spontaneous. ""
Retinal detachments are more common in people over the age of fifty. One in four victims has the problem in both eyes. People with diabetes are twenty times more likely to be blind to retinal disease than people without diabetes.
How the retina becomes independent
What causes the retina to release the nutrient-choroidal layer behind it? Although choroidal blood vessels nourish the retina, they do not adhere to it. There is very little glue between the two layers. The book Leben mit dem Augen Operation explains: "In fact, the retina rests against the choroid like a silky wall covering which is not glued to the plaster, but pressed against the wall by the wind." In healthy eyes, the glasses press the retina firmly against the choroid. However, when blood or another substance enters behind the retina, between it and the choroid, it frees the retina from its food source.
Usually the problem starts with a tear, tear, opening, or other damage to the retina. This allows fluid to flow behind the retina and away from the choroid. The reasons for the original retinal injury may be "traumatic" such as: B. Hit to the head. But obviously there must be some previous weakness that leaves the retina prone to nicks when exposed to trauma.
Why are older people more prone to retinal detachment? “After the age of 40,” explains the Medical Tribune, “the body of glasses, a gel of collagen, shrinks and recedes from the inner surface of the retina. The constant pulling of the gel on the retina could eventually tear it. Some people and I have free water seeping behind the retina and away from the choroid. "
Why are people with diabetes so much more prone to retinal detachment? Because diabetes usually causes bleeding in the retina. As mentioned earlier, blood or other fluids that seep behind the retina can cause a leak.
Try to keep your vision
Are you enjoying good eyesight now? It makes sense to do whatever you can to preserve it. One thing to avoid is prolonged exposure to bright light, which usually occurs on beach days. Animal studies have shown that prolonged exposure to bright light causes permanent eye damage. In fact, facing an eclipse can be just as dangerous for the retina.
An important factor in maintaining good eyesight is:Good nutrition is of the utmost importance for the visual process. It is obvious that the total content of vitamins, minerals and amino acids must be given as essential factors in order to prevent visual disturbances at all stages of life and to correct various functional disorders when the reversible stages have not passed.
For example, researchers have shown that the retina contains large amounts of vitamin A. The "visually purple" pigment found in photosensitive pens that helps the eyes adapt to dusk or low light is made up of protein and 'a substance chemically related to vitamin A. Vitamin B as well as vitamins C and D are also important for eye health. A balanced and nutritious diet generally provides these essential elements.
If you are over 40, there is one more thing that can help. Since eye problems are more common in this age group, it is recommended that you see an ophthalmologist at least every two years. Your doctor's knowledge and skills can even prevent retinal detachment. How is it?
With an ophthalmoscope and other tools, the doctor can examine the back of the eyeball. It literally "lights up" the inside of the eyeball and looks at it through the pupil and lens. These tools can detect retinal detachments, as well as retinal tears or tears that may precede the discharge. Immediate treatment can prevent serious complications. But what if the retina becomes loose? What procedure can a doctor use to treat this problem? What would be your chances of regaining functional vision?
Very successful treatments
When the retina detaches from the choroid, the goal is to reconnect it. Retinal detachment can be corrected by cauterizing the tears in the retina, creating a self-adhesive scar that reconnects the retina to the choroid. . . . Gonin's basic dissertation is still used today, but the techniques have improved considerably.
Now the self-adhesive scar is often achieved through surgical diathermy. This includes a high frequency needle current. The points of contact with the sclera create points of irritation that lead to the formation of scar tissue. The scar tissue grabs the retina from behind and holds it firmly against the choroid.
Recently, the same effect has been achieved with light.
Another method of treating detached retinas is the cryoprobe. It is a small probe connected to a freezer. In this case, the freezing temperature creates the sticky scar instead of heat or light. Cryosurgery, one of the latest advances in the treatment of retinal detachment, has several advantages over other forms of surgery, mainly because it is less likely to damage the glasses than electrical diathermy or ultra-intense light called a beam.
Sometimes large wounds bend in the retina and the lobes get stuck behind. What can you do about it? Surgical tables were used that rotate the patient so that gravity allows the obturator to fall freely. If persistent, insert a needle with a small balloon at the end of the eye. This is placed in the crease and inflated, gently regretting any adhesion that may have developed. Your doctor will then use standard methods to reconnect the retina.
In recent years, an innovative treatment for retinal detachment has gained popularity. This is called a scleral node. This means cutting a thin canal into the sclera where the retina came loose. The doctor then places a small tube of silicone rubber in the canal. This folds the sclera inward, pressing on it and choroid toward the retina.
In terms of the effectiveness of retinal detachment procedures, approximately 85% of postoperative reconstructive surgeries are successful, but 10-20% of these patients require more than one operation. If the retina has been completely independent for two years or more, the chances of functional success are zero.
Wonderful