In 2003, a group of Australian and Indonesian archaeologists discovered an almost complete skeleton called 'LB 1' during a search of a cave in Liang Bua, Flores Island, Indonesia. Subsequent more intensive excavations resulted in the discovery of seven more similar skeletons. These fossils of some kind of Hobbit people are about 13,000 years old. These fossils from Flores Island are one of the major discoveries in paleo-anthropology of the last few years. Earlier, it was thought that only one human species had survived for the past 25,000 years. After the disappearance of Neanderthal in Europe and Homo erectus in Asia, we are in the world alone. Another thing is that such a small man is not known to have existed in the last few million years, although the australopithecus found about 3 million years ago (such as Lucy's fossil, found in Ethiopia) was much like this, but Abu Gogo's fossil is only 13,000-38. , 1,000 years old.
Ebu Gogo, meaning "the grandmother who eats anything", has long been a legend among the villagers of Flores Island, Indonesia. Abu Gogo is characterized by a human-like, but small body, strange walking style, muttering and a greedy nature. It could have been blown up just as a myth, with some fossils discovered in 2003.
However, the most intriguing feature of Homo floresiensis is its size, the adult Flores was a little over 3 feet tall (equal to 4-5 year olds) and weighed 30 pounds. Normally, their brains are smaller, but slightly larger than modern chimpanzees. Although walking on Earth at the same time as other human species, the body and brain of the Hobbit was smaller than that of modern humans. Their anatomy was also very ancient. At first these features were thought to be symptoms of dwarfism or dwarfism, achondroplasia or Down syndrome. However, that idea was soon rejected. Antonio Balzio of the Museum of Natural History in France and Philippe Charlier Hobbit of Descartes University in Paris, France, said in a joint study of the skull bones that the shape of the skull was clearly different from that of modern humans. Even his disease is not human. The Hobbit is therefore not a small and diseased member of our species. This includes many more external issues. According to Simon Underdown of Oxford Brooks University, it has nothing to do with any known species of modern man. For example, its shape differs from that of our direct ancestor Homo erectus. Its eyes are also very small. The chin of the Hobbit is deeply wrapped, whereas our chin is covered at the front. The presence of a chin has given us the definition of a species, where hobbits are obsessed with another hominin.
All the amazing fossils have been found on Flores Island before. In 1997, a group of archaeologists discovered a massive tool made of eight million years old stone, although no fossils of contemporary humans have been found. Modern humans have been on the earth for a maximum of one and a half million years, which means that all these tools are made of Homo erectus. In short, there were human ancestors in East and South Africa 30-40 million years ago, although they are close in character to modern humans, there are many differences, one of which is Homo erectus. In the Pleistocene (about 2 million years ago) they spread beyond Africa, but a group of them remained in Africa from which we originated 2-3 million years ago, while those who came out of Africa are now in Europe, China, South Asia (Europe, They have fossils in India, Java, China). Homo erectus could make stone tools, probably limited language and also knew the use of fire. However, the Neanderthals originated over time from their European branch. Scientists believe that Abu Gogo (Homo floresiensis) evolved from Homo erectus in Southeast Asia. Homo erectus or their offspring gradually became extinct when modern humans left Africa 60-70 thousand years ago and began to settle in Indonesia, China, India or Europe. They may not be able to compete with humans or they may be extinct for some other reason.
Some scientists, however, think that Homo fluorescens can be attributed to some of the most primitive species of our own mass Homo. Its skeleton has some human-like characteristics. He is also thought to be a close relative of the 'primitive' group of wild people, Australopithecus or the famous Lucy. However, Lucy's skull was found in Ethiopia in East Africa and Hobbit's skull was found on Liang Bua Island in Flores.
However, from other stone tools found on Flores Island, it seems that they were not far behind in intelligence. They knew for sure how to use fire. The problem is, if Homo erectus is their ancestor, then why is Flores so unusually small in size (smaller than other Homo erectus fossils)? One reason may be that hobbits have been stuck on the island for a long time, usually because the size of the animals on the small island has also become smaller (due to evolution). Small islands do not have large carnivores, so large size does not help much. On the other hand, large size will require more food in a comparative way, and food is also limited in a limited area of the island.
Natural selection is predominant in small size, the animals become smaller in a few thousand generations. In addition to the Hobbit, tiny elephant fossils (Pygmy stegodon, now extinct) have been found on the same island. Pygmy Stegodon Several times smaller than other elephants, from the recovered bones and limbs, it seems that the Hobbit used to hunt these elephants.
Flores will have to wait a few more days to get an answer on how humans became extinct. The fossils that have been found between 10 and 13,000 years ago suggest that the Hobbitras, including the Pygmy Stegodon, became extinct in a large volcanic eruption in the area 12,000 years ago. Or maybe a few are still alive on the east side of Flores Island. If you believe the story of Abu Gogo, they have been seen in the last century. According to Malay legends, orang pendek were similar humanoid creatures found in Sumatra. Who knows, maybe Abu Gogo, who is alive in the future, will undoubtedly be one of the great discoveries of this century.
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