Egyptian civilization
Innumerable glory in science, art, literature and architecture,
Lilaniketan of human civilization, the meeting place of world trade and culture in the glory of Egypt
Samujjala has enriched himself in writing world history. The Nile is versatile
Soaked in the contribution, the foundation of ancient civilization was laid in Egypt which has been human for ages
Alakvartika has shown society, culture and civilization, one of the civilizations
Deep Shikha lit as a pioneer. Egypt is a pure ethnic group in the corner
Not the father of civilization. The Caucasian people came to Egypt and joined the Mediterranean
Branch, African Negro and Libyan and Semitic communities in Asia. But Nana
Egyptian civilization as a united nation is the result of the union of human beings
Was established.
If there is, the surplus crops of all the villages are gathered there. From there.
The managing director took all the work plans and organized the work.
A land of ancient education, literature, philosophy, architecture, culture and civilization
Egypt. The following are some of the important features of Egyptian civilization:
1. Autocracy: The Egyptian state is a shining example of extreme dictatorship.
The ruler of the state is Pharaoh, the hereditary king. Pharaohs are both religious and political
Was entitled to power. His power was not over. He is the king of the world,
God and priest. The king considers himself a child of the sun and possessed of divine powers
Used to. Egypt is a complex country to maintain the dictatorship of the powerful Pharaoh
But efficient bureaucracy developed a dependent administrative system.
2. Agriculture and industry: There was Egyptian society
Agricultural. Agriculture is the mainstay of the Egyptian economy. Pharaoh's country in principle
He owns all the land and all the tenants are his slaves. The irrigation system was complete
Under his control. Egypt was also quite developed in small scale industries. Mainly with copper tools
The machinery is made. Egyptian leather making, textile, glass work and enamel
The industry improved considerably.
3. Social system: Egyptian society is divided into classes.
The royal family at the top of society. As the zamindari of the state pharaoh. The head of Egyptian society
Divided into three classes. For example, if the upper class includes the royal family, the priests,
Royalist (bureaucrat) and feudal lord. The middle class included merchants and artisans
Artists and farmers. The lower classes include the poor laborers, peasants, artisans and slaves.
The upper class people live a luxurious life and the lower class people live a luxurious life
Living an inhuman life. As a result, there was a gap between rich and poor in Egyptian society
Extensive. Slaves were hated by all. The difference between a slave and a cattle
Was not. The condition of the peasant in society was no better than that of the slave. Them on the ground
There was no ownership. Apart from cultivating the land, the farmers have to be given beggar. Without pay
They are involved in government works, road construction, canals, pyramids, temples and other works
To do. But classification was not unchanging in Egyptian society. Anyone own
Action, talent and effort can go from the lower class to the higher class.
4. Political system: Totem in ancient Egypt
From the development of society, provinces were formed. Totem society leaves hunter life
Starts farming. State sovereignty depends on surplus crops in agricultural society
In ancient Egypt, a ‘name’ or city state was formed with a few villages
Got up. In the corner village in the middle of the city-state, where the totem god
Arises.
Work, of course, means cutting canals, obstructing, and so on. The first were the chiefs.
Gradually became the ruler of Naam. Because the chief had weapons in his hands and the village.
As the burden of defense was placed on him, he gradually became stronger and the whole.
If you spread your authority over the society. Thus in the feudal kingdom of Egypt.
Totem faith existed. They own in the name of plants or animals in the corner.
Provides jewelry, money-free, various types of food and drink. Among the Egyptians.
Becomes. The king was on top of all of the feudal structure of Egypt, then
Feudal zamindars and temple priests. The king of Egypt is called Pharao.
Pharaoh had great power. Pharaoh is both earthly king, God and
Purahit. That is why the Egyptian society is called the priestly ruled society. Of Egypt
The monarchy was controlled in every sphere of social life.
5. Economy: Egyptian society was agrarian. Basically the center of agriculture
Developed in the economic structure of Egypt. The production system was in Egypt
According to feudalism. Perpetuating the imaginary notion of the right of society as a whole over land
The city god or emperor God is the owner of the land because of the propaganda to keep it. Pharaoh
He used to give land to his loyal feudal lords. The landlords work on the land of the feudal lords
Kartae. In addition to land slaves, one-fifth of the crops produced by free farmers are royal
Submits as tax to the granary. In short, the Egyptian economy and
The role of temples and priests in politics was very important.
The flooding of the Nile in Egypt increased the fertility of arable land. That's why
Plenty of wheat, barley, sorghum, cotton, grapes, barley, vegetables, etc. are easy to cultivate.
Moreover, Egypt was technically quite advanced. That’s why with Egyptian civilization
External trade relations expanded.
. Trade and commerce: Egypt is also in trade and commerce
Was prosperous. They traded mainly by river and sea. Glassware, earthenware
Egyptians export pots, improved textiles, wheat, etc. As a result in the economy
Symbolic coins were introduced with the help of gold and copper pieces.
. Religious life: Religion pervades the whole of Egyptian life
Kept. There is no corner of Egyptian culture where religion has not been influential.
Every community in Egypt had a local deity. As a result there are countless gods
There was assembly. However, the solar deity had a special predominance in all communities. Sun god
Re is considered the best god in all of Egypt. They believe in reincarnation
Was. So the corpse is mummified and placed on a huge tombstone
It is called pyramid. They provided the necessary furniture, weapons,
