Becoming a skilled reader requires mastering several skills that must be applied simultaneously, it is clear that this does not happen in between in a short time, and these basic skills must first be learned separately, then when the readers become more skilled in each one, they can advance and combine until They can read independently with a full understanding of what they read, basic reading skills include a range of phonemes to comprehension.
Pronunciation of letters and words
Deciphering or pronouncing words is the first step in reading, children can decode when they understand that each letter of the alphabet has a matching sound, children then learn how to look at printed words, isolate each separate sound, and then mix them to read the word as a whole, the goal of teaching The phoneme is enabling readers to master word decoding so that they can read the words themselves and with little effort, and it is one of the most important stages of reading instruction.
Proficiency in words
Good readers increase their vocabulary every time they read and are able to remember these words when they see them again, they begin to develop vocabulary for sight word, visual words are words that are often found in general speech and books, such as No, yes, oh, and, to, These, this, these words can be pronounced, so readers have to memorize them, knowing these words is essential because they can be found in any book.
Understanding and comprehension
Comprehension is a basic reading skill that develops as children learn to pronounce words and recognize basic words. The more they read, the easier it becomes for them to remember specific things such as main characters and preparation. As reading skills advance, children will develop advanced comprehension skills such as reasoning, evaluation, and re-narration.
Sub-skills for reading
The ability to read the text clearly, and to link words and meanings together.
Pay attention to punctuation and use them to identify the end and beginning of an event within the topic.
Regular eye movement on words and lines and not stopping at a single word for a long time.
Distinguishing between types of texts, and giving each type the focus it deserves.
Distinguish between primary and secondary ideas.
Focusing on the topic of the text and not being distracted throughout the reading period.
Guess the meanings of the new words from the context of the topic, and do not stop before them.
Linking events and ideas to each other, and remembering old events to link them with new events within the text.
The ability of the reader to interpret and analyze the topic.
The ability to understand unclear ideas through deduction and relate ideas to each other.
Extracting all the main ideas of the text, to identify the goal of the writer from the text.
Types of reading
Oral reading
Oral reading is the act of reading printed or written text aloud, and teachers often use it to track and measure a student's overall reading ability, including reading accuracy, pronunciation, fluency, comprehension and punctuation comprehension, and this type of reading helps teach preschool children to read and write. Allow the teacher to directly observe the child's reading skills, including decoding, fluency, and presentation (tone and articulation), which are the most commonly used types of reading.
Silent reading
Silent reading is reading a text by looking only at it without making any sound. Many teachers often use silent reading to build fluency, continuous silent reading is the practice of having students read silently for a specified period of time each day.
Read listen
This type of reading depends on listening only, unlike the other two types, and it is a method that has many advantages and is used in most of the teaching stages. It is a type that greatly suits the blind and helps them receive more information.
Silent and aloud reading skills
Each type of reading has its own skills and advantages, and the following are the skills of silent and aloud reading:
Silent reading skills
Silent reading helps to understand the text clearly, causing emphasis on words and their meanings.
Reduces reading time unlike reading aloud.
It keeps the reader from uttering incorrect speech, making it one of the easiest ways to read.
Reading aloud skills
It gives the reader the ability to pronounce the words correctly, and it helps in learning the letter exits correctly.
It helps to strengthen the personality of the reader through good delivery, and facilitate the presentation of lectures and speeches in front of the masses.
Reading goals
Reading helps increase a person's culture and knowledge.
Fill the reader's void, and entertain him with more stories.
Reading is the basis of education and education, the basis of education is reading, so no one can learn anything without knowledge of reading, and this is the biggest and most important goal of reading.
Increase the reader's information and develop his intellectual skills.
A person who reads frequently benefits society and helps people understand each other.
Reading levels
Literal level
It is the level at which the reader is able to identify all the information inside the text, in addition to knowing the correct meanings and the purpose of the text, for the reader to be able to know the meanings of the words.
Organizational level
The organizational level is the second level of reading levels. His skills include the knowledge and ability of the person to comprehend the subject of the text through his knowledge and understanding of the meanings and linguistic vocabulary, and the main headings of the text, and the reader must define all the details of the read text by organizing the ideas of the text
Interpretive or deductive level
This level includes a deep understanding of the text and recognition of all the meanings clearly and explicitly, and the reader is able to analyze all the characters in the text, recognize the meanings and ideas that are not explicit, and conclude important and unimportant results within the text.
Monetary level
At this level, the reader is able to judge the text through understanding it, so that the reader reaches this level, he must have some skills such as distinguishing between real and unreal ideas, judging the amount of credibility within the text, recognizing the author’s goals that are not clear in the text, linking the text with life Natural.
Creative level
It is the last level and very few readers rarely reach the level of great experience in the field of reading because it needs to have many distinct skills in order to reach this level, such as the ability to recognize and predict some events or the end of the story, the ability of the reader to reformulate and arrange the text again in a different way. From the real writer, professionally translating the text into another language such as English, making the text in the form of an outline that clarifies the understanding of the topic in a simple way.