Kashmir, part of the Indian subcontinent, is one of the most disputed territories in the world. It is said that there is chaos in beauty. In the case of Kashmir, the word seems to be exactly the same. Kashmir has been famous as a tourist destination since before India's independence. At present, that tradition is carried only by Kashmir on the Indian side. Kashmir, which is isolated from Indian democracy, cannot share it. The main reason behind this is international politics and terrorism in Kashmir.
History of Kashmir.
Located between the Himalayan valley and the Pir Panjal range, this region was once known only as the Kashmir Valley. During the two hundred years of British rule in India, the king's autonomy continued. In other words, the king maintained his rules and regulations here with the rent of the British. The British Raj was never established directly here. All the problems started after the British gave independence to India.
It is better to keep a small statistic in this regard:
It is said that this region, known as the paradise, was once known as one of the meeting places of Hindus and Buddhists. Since the second episode of the first millennium.
In 1339, Shah Mir established the first Muslim empire in Kashmir.
The Mughal rule lasted from 156 to 1651.
From then until 1820, it was dominated by the Durrani Empire of Afghan descent.
Then, in 1820, Sikh forces led by Ranjit Singh occupied Kashmir and held it under their control till 1840.
After the defeat of the Sikhs in the first Anglo-Sikh War in India during the British rule, soon after it came under British rule, King Gulab Singh of Jammu bought Kashmir from the British through the Treaty of Amritsar and has since become a part of Jammu and Kashmir. At that time it was known as Princely State to the British.
Hari Singh was the King of Jammu and Kashmir when India gained independence in 1947 and the McMahon Line was drawn. He later joined India voluntarily. And thus in independent India, Jammu and Kashmir became the crown of his glory.
Although Kashmir was ruled by a Hindu king during the formation of two independent states, India and Pakistan, at the end of the last century, the Muslim population has been dominant since the Mughal period. Although Raja Hari Singh was in favor of India, some of the people here were in favor of joining Pakistan, while others wanted Kashmir to be recognized as an independent land. Even now these two demands are the cause of the main problem.
Pakistan has been asserting its claim to Kashmir since India and Pakistan became independent. Due to the Muslim majority of the people there, Pakistan got the opportunity to make more demands. Because the British created Pakistan by splitting undivided India into two parts to create a separate state for the Muslims. That history of discrimination has kept Pakistan alive even today by disturbing South Asia. Pakistan today is known as a hotbed of international terrorism because of its occupation of Kashmir and its anti-India attitude. There are reasons behind this. The people of Pakistan are helpless. Democracy is on the path of friendship in that country, the country has also seen military rule. The root cause of Pakistan's anarchy is the three centers of power there - the President and the Prime Minister, the Pakistan Army and the ISI. The army and the ISI have always worked together, so democracy is there in the name of 'Shref'.
Taken together, Jammu and Kashmir shares most of the land in the region with India. However, considering Kashmir alone, it is mostly occupied by Pakistan. The international border of Pak-occupied Kashmir is with Pak-Punjab, Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan and Xinjiang province of China.
The Kashmir problem started in 1947. Kashmir survived independently between Pakistan and India with the disappearance of British rule from undivided India. After the Pashtun invasion of Jammu and Kashmir, King Hari Singh sought military rule from India. On October 26 of that year, Governor Lord Mountbatten signed the Treaty with the Government of India seeking intervention to resolve the issue. The three-tier defense agreement gives India the responsibility of overseeing foreign policy and communications. Apart from these two issues, the people of Kashmir had the freedom to make decisions. Article 370, which gives special status to Kashmir, is still a thorn in India's side. However, due to the pro-Pakistan attitude of the people of his state and the inability to solve the problem of leaving much of the state in the hands of the Pak rebels, Hari Singh finally relinquished his throne and joined India completely in 1952.
When the Indo-Pakistani army clashed over Kashmir in October 1947, the then Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru took the matter to the United Nations for settlement without going to war. With the withdrawal of Indian troops, Pakistan seized the disputed part of Kashmir. That is what is now known as Pakistan-occupied Kashmir. Later, Pakistan divided Azad Kashmir into two parts to get China on its side in the international arena. The part given to Chin is known as Oksai Chin and Trans Karakoram Tract. And the part occupied by Pakistan is called Gilgit-Baltistan. Later, China claimed a small part of Gilgit-Baltistan as its own. Pakistan did not offer any resistance.
At present, Azad Kashmir or Pakistan-occupied Kashmir has its own parliament and high court. The name of the capital is Muzaffarabad. The direct rule of Islamabad does not go there. But, their influence is certainly there. The main economy of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir is agriculture and from it the livelihood of the people there.
Pakistan-occupied Kashmir has not made any progress yet. It goes without saying that there is no impression of modernity. It is very dangerous to go there from India. There is no problem in going there from Pakistan.
Now the point is that India and Pakistan have nothing to gain from Azad Kashmir, but continue to suffer financial losses. Of course more than India. Both countries will not give up their demands for Kashmir out of self-respect. Now that Raja Hari Singh had agreed to help India and ceded his kingdom to India, India's claim to Kashmir was justified. Since half the people of Kashmir are in favor of Pakistan, Pakistan is reluctant to give up its demand. Just as Pakistan is benefiting from anti-India terrorism because Azad Kashmir is in their hands, leaving the region in India's hands means that rivers like the Indus, Jhilum and Chandrabhagar will come under Indian control. As a result, there will be water shortages in Pakistan. India will be forced to ask for water by changing the course of the river. However, Pakistan has complicated the Kashmir issue on its own by siding with China. As a result, Islamabad will have to fight China to get a full share of Kashmir. Which is never possible for them financially and militarily.
The problem for India, on the other hand, is that even if the Kashmir issue is resolved, there will be bigger problems for them in the future.
It costs a lot of money to bring modern facilities to undeveloped Azad Kashmir and its people.
Sharing the old border with Afghanistan means redesigning and reorganizing the defense system against international terrorists active in the region.
The possibility of China taking over part of their occupied Kashmir from them and waging war from multiple disputes over the border.
Although India was defeated by China in the 1962 war, present day India is much stronger. However, it is also a matter of wondering how prepared the people of the two countries are in the nuclear age. War means financial loss. Despite multiple anti-burden attitudes, the Indian government has never tried to stop the rise of Chinese products in the Indian market. Its because Chinese products are cheap. While India has a chance to win if it goes to war with China, resolving the Kashmir issue will bring many more challenges to make up for the financial loss.
The whole of Kashmir is like heaven. So it is not right to limit the discussion on the beauty of Indian side Kashmir and Pakistan occupied Kashmir. Aksai Chin is also an equal claimant in this discussion.
Standing in the modern era, Pakistan-occupied Kashmir has to be called beautiful. There is plenty of natural diversity. Agriculture is the main source of income for the people. It is difficult to find such a place in modern times. Only then will the Chinese-occupied Aksai Chin get a place. Nature's virgin beauty exists in both parts. On the other hand, the condition of Dal Lake in Indian-administered Kashmir has been the subject of much speculation. At present a lot of wood has to be burnt to manage that situation.
Most of the tourist destinations in Indian-administered Kashmir are Jammu-centric. The rest of Kashmir, except Ladakh, is tired of public gatherings. On the other hand, Pakistan-occupied Kashmir is a hotbed of terrorism, but there is natural peace. There is the beauty of the hilly area. While Aksai Chin is not only naturally habitable, its natural beauty is also unique.
