Unemployment is a problem caused by the lack of employment compared to the manpower of a country. In present day Bangladesh this problem has become complex and obvious. Which is a serious threat to the economy of a developing country like Bangladesh. This huge surplus of jobless manpower is unable to contribute to the country's economy, nor is it able to build its own beautiful and prosperous future. They are involved in various criminal activities due to the unbearable pain of unemployment. As a result, chaos is appearing everywhere in the state apparatus. Unless immediate steps are taken to address this growing problem, the economic infrastructure could collapse at any moment.
What is the problem of unemployment: Unemployment basically refers to the lack of adequate employment of the workforce. According to the International Labor Organization definition, "Unemployment (or joblessness) occurs when people are without work and actively seeking work." The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) defines unemployment as ‘the state of unemployment of some people; Those who have no work have been actively looking for work for the past four weeks and are ready for work. ' From getting ready for work to actively searching for a job that didn’t get the job opportunity or couldn’t work.
Types and Types of Unemployment: Unemployment can be of different types depending on the geographical location of the country, socio-economic status, social infrastructure, definition of unemployment, causes and characteristics. Economic crisis, political instability, state structural weakness result in infrastructural unemployment. Unemployment occurs as a result of sudden closure or relocation of a mill. Unemployment problem is created due to technical or technological inadequacy. Seasonal unemployment occurs in other seasonal businesses, including the ready-made garment industry. Again, the incompatibility of the workforce with the type of work creates a kind of unemployment. However, the rate of structural unemployment is higher in Bangladesh.
Unemployment Problem and Bangladesh: Unemployment problem in Bangladesh has reached alarming proportions. According to the latest survey by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, the International Labor Organization, the Commonwealth and several other organizations, the unemployment rate in Bangladesh has risen to 1.6 percent in the last decade, while the employment growth rate is 2 percent. If this continuity is maintained, the total number of unemployed in 2015 will stand at 6 crore. According to the latest figures from the International Labor Organization (ILO), 40 per cent of the total population in Bangladesh is currently unemployed. Among this huge unemployed population, the rate of educated unemployed is higher. According to the Bureau of Statistics, the number of educated unemployed in Bangladesh is about one and a half crore.
Reasons for Unemployment: Bangladesh Background: There are various direct and indirect reasons behind the problem of unemployment in Bangladesh. Some of the reasons are given below-
Impact of Colonial Rule: During 200 years of British colonial rule and 24 years of Pakistani rule, Bangladesh's economic development was utterly neglected. In addition, they have exploited and taken away the valuable resources of this country. As a result, the economic infrastructure has gradually collapsed and the pressure of unemployment has increased.
Impact of the Industrial Revolution: The Industrial Revolution has led to the discovery of a large number of more productive instruments. As a result, the modern agricultural system is becoming dependent on agricultural machinery instead of manpower. Unemployment is a problem as the needs of the workers are being met by machines.
Post-liberation pressures: As a result of the liberation war of 1971, the economic infrastructure of Bangladesh collapsed. In post-war independent countries, a large number of people became unemployed due to stagnation in industrialization, inefficiency in proper planning and implementation. The long-term effects of which are still haunting Bangladesh.
Overpopulation: An analysis of the current situation of unemployment in Bangladesh shows that the limitless population pressure is mainly responsible for this. As the population grows, so do the employment opportunities.
Inconsistency in the education system: The rate of education in Bangladesh is low. Moreover, our education system is not in line with the socio-economic condition of Bangladesh. It does not have adequate opportunities for vocational, technical and vocational education. Although educated manpower with certificates has been created year after year, qualified and skilled manpower is not being created.
Unplanned production system: Unawareness of farmers and unplanned land use is one of the causes of unemployment. Decreased land fertility, in some cases land production becomes powerless and job opportunities are wasted.
State Infrastructural Weaknesses: Lack of initiative in adopting and implementing sound plans, political instability, deteriorating law and order situation, rampant corruption, etc. are hindering the economic progress of the country. As a result, the pressure of unemployment is increasing.
Reluctance to manual labor: Reluctance to manual labor is one of the main causes of unemployment. Despite the scarcity, the people of this country are not interested in manual labor. Unemployed without getting an institutional job, but does not venture to improve his fortune by creating self-employment.
Negative effects of unemployment: Unemployment
How many curses. It has a negative impact everywhere, starting from personal life. The state structure is weakened by the terrible grip of unemployment. Due to unemployment, people get various jobs and engage in various illegal and anti-social activities. Murder, kidnapping, robbery and snatching are increasing at an unusual rate in the society. Economic progress came to a standstill. There is administrative chaos. Influential countries interfere in the internal affairs of the state. As a result, the country's sovereignty is likely to be endangered.
Ways to eliminate unemployment: The following steps need to be taken to solve the unemployment problem in Bangladesh. E.g.
Additional population needs to be converted into manpower through proper training. More population should be considered as an asset, not a burden of the country.
- Adequate opportunities for vocational, technical and vocational education should be created. Appropriate programs should be taken for the expansion of women's education.
- Religious prejudice must come out.
- No work should be considered trivial and should be given the status of physical labor.
- Adequate employment opportunities need to be created by building planned industries.
- Skilled workforce should be built with proper training in the use of modern technology and equipment.
- Linguistic weakness is a big problem in getting employment in the domestic and foreign labor market. The linguistic weakness of the workers has to be overcome through training.
- Working workers have to arrange work abroad.
- Educated youth should be made rural.
- In this age of information technology, outsourcing to the internet can be another way to reduce unemployment.
Conclusion: To get rid of the terrible curse of unemployment, the whole nation must work in unity. It is important to ensure recruitment on the basis of merit and qualifications by avoiding the attitude of political partisanship in the workplace. Effective steps need to be taken and implemented to overcome unemployment through qualitative changes in the state infrastructure.
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