The age we are in now is called the modern age. Even before the modern era, there were ancient and medieval times respectively. The Seven Wonders is a popular list of the most amazing man-made structures on earth in contemporary times. These installations must be of historical and traditional importance. Tourists of the Hellenic civilization in ancient times published a list. The historian Herodotus (484 BC - 425 BC) compiled a list of the Seven Wonders of the World in the Alexandria Museum. But at that time it was not possible to preserve their original script.
There seems to be a touch of thrill in the word Seven Wonders. And why not or not! The word wonder is hidden in the word. This wonder touched even in ancient times. Let us know what were the seven wonders established in ancient times.
The seven wonders of antiquity are:
The Great Pyramid of Giza
The empty garden of Babylon
Statue of Olympus Zeus
Temple of Artemis in Ephesus
Tomb of Halicarnassus
Statue of Colossus (Greek sun god) at Rhodes
Lighthouse of Alexandria
1. The Great Pyramid of Giza
The Great Pyramid of Giza is located in Giza, Egypt, on the west bank of the Nile. The pyramids were built in Giza between 2584 and 2475 BC. It is now located near a place called El Giza in Egypt. It is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza Cemetery. The pyramid is called the Great Pyramid because the pyramid was originally built as the tomb of the Egyptian emperor Pharaoh (Emperor) Khufu.
In ancient Egypt, the kings of the Pharaoh dynasty once ruled. The people of Egypt at that time believed in many strange things. They believed that human beings lived on earth for a very short time, and that life after death was eternal bliss. They believed that if their bodies were preserved intact after death, they would be able to live in eternal peace in the hereafter.
This pyramid is made of 20 lakh thirty thousand (2.3 million) limestone bricks. The 140-meter (460-foot) high pyramid has three main chambers. Its grand gallery is 48 meters long and 6 meters high. Scientists have found a 'large void' inside the pyramid. There is a saying in Egypt about the Great Pyramid which is-
"Man fears time, but time fears the Pyramids."
The pyramid is the only one of the ancient Seven Wonders that survives to this day. However, it is not correct in the existing tabiyyat, because the white stones of the pyramid were removed as building materials in Cairo.
2. Hanging Gardens of Babylon
It is one of the most interesting wonders of ancient times. When I was a child, I used to be amazed when I read a book about the hanging gardens of Babylon. Was there really a garden that really hung? Then we would just memorize the names. Now we are not so surprised, because in those days people could not even think of gardening without contact with the land. But at that time such a huge range of gardens was made, so this garden or garden is much appreciated by everyone in terms of excellence, so it became popular among the people as hanging garden. The park is located on the banks of the Euphrates River in Iraq. This garden is one of the examples of Babylonian civilization.
Construction history
It was built under the direction of Emperor Nebuchadnezzar II (605 - 562 BC). He was inspired by his beloved empress to build this hanging garden. The emperor built this garden in front of the palace for his wife.
Emperor Nebuchadnezzar was very merry. The Median emperor assisted him in his conquest of Nineveh. Attracted by the beauty of the Median princess, he married her. After the marriage, the princess became the empress of Babylon. But the Empress of Babylon did not like it at all, because the media was a mountainous country. And Babylon was a flat land. The empress was desperate for a watch.
The emperor understood the empress's mind and built huge hills on the palace to please her. A beautiful garden is made with mountains. The world-famous garden is decorated with all the wonderful plants and flowers from all over the world. Because he wanted to draw a symbol of love for the empress by providing all the joy and happiness in the world.
Construction style
The first foundation to be laid for the construction of the garden was a huge foundation, the area of which was 600 square feet. The foundation was laid on the spacious roof of the then emperor's khas shrine. After laying the foundation, it stood 60 feet above the ground. Built on this foundation stood the world's largest and most wonderful. This huge installation had different floors, there were places like verandas, there were flowers and plants in those places. The garden was created by 4,000 workers working day and night. 1050 gardeners were engaged in tending the garden. 5 to 6 thousand types of flower saplings were planted in this hanging garden. Water was drawn from the river on the high steps of the garden at a height of 60 feet with the help of thick coiled pipes.
This beautiful garden was completely destroyed in a bloody battle with the neighboring Persian kingdom in Tabde.
3. Temple of Artemis
Temple of Artemis is also known as the Temple of Diana. It is a Greek temple built in 550 BC in the region of Ephesus. It took 120 years to build the temple. The temple was 36 feet long and 160 feet wide. Made entirely of marble. It has 126 pillars, each 60 feet high. Precious gems like gems, pearls, rubies, emeralds and diamonds were placed all over the walls of the temple.
Statues of Diana were erected on either side of the entrance. This temple was a chapel dedicated to Artemis, the goddess of hunting and harvesting. Ephesus, where the temple was built, is now in Turkey. The temple was destroyed by the Gathas (inhabitants of East Germany) in 356 BC. According to archaeologists, the temple was destroyed in a terrible fire.
Its remains are still found in Turkey. Researchers have been searching for the location of this temple for over 60 years. Finally, in 179, John Turtle Edd and his team found the ruins of the temple. Some of the archeological finds from that area of the temple are preserved in the British Museum.
4. Statue of Zeus at Olympia
The Statue of Zeus at Olympia is one of the oldest wonders of the world. The statue of Zeus was built by the Greek sculptor Phidias in 432 BC. Zeus is the head of the Greek gods, and the father of the famous Hercules. The statue of the Greek god Zeus was about 42 feet long and 6 feet in diameter. Seven sculptors worked tirelessly for two and a half years to make the statue. The statue, made of gold, precious stones and ivory, is said to have been on a wooden structure.
As seen in the sculpture, the god Zeus is seated on a piece of wood with a small statue in his right hand indicating the victory and pomp of Zeus. On the left side of his throne, on the other hand, is an eagle indicating the power of Zeus and his allegiance to him. But there was much controversy over the extinction of the sculpture. It is said that the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World was destroyed in the 5th century AD with the spread of Christianity. According to some, the statue was taken from there to Constantinople (present-day Istanbul, Turkey), where it was later destroyed in a fire.
5. Statue of Rhodes (Colossus of Rhodes)
Everyone knows about Alexander the Great. Alexander was the greatest hero in the history of the world. He lived only 23 years. In this short time, he spread his kingdom over many parts of the earth. His kingdom also included the island of Rhodes in the Mediterranean region of the Atlantic Ocean. A huge statue was erected on Rhodes Island, the largest on the coast. Colossus means giant statue. But how huge? The Greek sun-god Helius was depicted with bronze (something heliocentric is still represented by a helio-prefix).
The Colossus of Rhodes was built between 292 and 260 BC. The huge helias that was built at the entrance to the island of Rhodes seem to stand guarding the Greek island of Rhodes. The statue was 105 feet long and took 12 years to build. This statue is divided into two levels. The first layer was a stone foundation weighing 40 metric tons. The main structure of the statue has been built on this foundation. The statue was made of copper, and some iron was used as needed. The copper used weighed 250 metric tons.
The tallest sculpture in ancient times was the statue of Rhodes. This is the last of the seven wonders in terms of construction but the first in terms of destruction. One of the statues' legs was broken in a catastrophic earthquake in 228 BC. In the middle of the sixth century, the Saracen people occupied the island of Rhodes and destroyed the statue.
6. Lighthouse of Alexandria
Lighthouse is easily known by everyone, the Bengali name is Batighar. It was often called the "House of Light" in Alexandria. A lighthouse was built on Alexandria, Egypt, in the 3rd century BC, during the reign of Ptolemy II, around 260 BC, on the Mediterranean island of Faros. The purpose of building this lighthouse was to guide the sailors inside the seaport. At first it was made as a port sign, but later it became a lighthouse. We still see electric lights being lit and throwing light up to the sky at the concert. But in that era there were no electric lamps, no torch-lights. So this lighthouse can be called the big version of Kupi.
The base area of the lighthouse was 110 square feet. The height was 450 feet which is equivalent to a 40 storey building. The entire structure had a spiral staircase. I had to climb this ladder. During the construction of the lighthouse, a huge fireplace that was 450 feet high was lit. No one saw it extinguished before it was destroyed. The lighthouse could be seen from 50 miles away. It was damaged by storms and earthquakes in 955 AD. And the 14th century
It was completely destroyed by an earthquake at some point in time. Its remains are still at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea.
7.Mausoleum of Halicarnassus
The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus was built in 350 BC in the kingdom of Karia in the southwestern corner of Turkey. In Bodrum, present-day Turkey, where the ancient city of Karia was located, a huge mausoleum (the word temple means ‘house’) was built at a place called Halicarnassus. It was built by Queen Artemisia in her memory after the death of King Mossolas (she was also his own sister, marrying his sister was not socially taboo at the time).
It was built with the best sculptors of the time. And its splendor actually gave it so much fame. This tombstone is 135 feet high. The temple was built entirely of marble. It was divided into three levels. The first level is a huge rectangular stone foundation. The second level had 36 pillars, each 56 feet high. The third level was a giant pyramid-shaped dome rising straight up into the sky. The height of the dome was 50 feet.
It was probably destroyed by an earthquake, and its remains were used by people to build houses. May be destroyed, but the word mausoleum still remains in our dictionary. The word mossolium means: magnificent tomb.
