There is no question that the human brain is the most complex component of the entire body; apart from being responsible for gathering knowledge and generating flows of ideas, it is the supreme controller of all biological processes in the body. In researching the brain and trying to learn its mysteries, science has a long history; but it wasn't until the 1960s when scientists took the first step in reading ideas that science could make a major scientific leap in that area.
In 1968, Karl Frank suggested the idea that if it was related to a Brain-Machine interface, science might understand what goes on in the brain. It is now understood that the brain consists of neurons that have the capacity to produce electrical digital signals (1 or 0) through a process known as Action Potential, a method that is very close to the way the computer can interpret data. This implies that some of the brain's thoughts and vice versa can be interpreted by the machine.
The assumption that the brain and machine would comprehend each other, therefore, was the theoretical basis on which the science of mind reading was based. The experimental mechanism followed by the scientists relied essentially on spying on the neural cells and watching what signals these cells produce when a certain action is carried out by the body, to be more precise. For example, if at the same time as the individual closes his/her eyes, the neurons produce a certain signal, scientists realize that this signal is connected to closing the eyes; using the same method, scientists began to understand the language of the brain.
In the 1990s, with the ability to track tens of neural cells, spy on their actions, and watch what signals they were making, Richard Norman invented a very small array of millimeter sizes. It was not very successful to observe tens of neurons because there are more than 100 billion neurons in the brain; nevertheless, it was a major scientific achievement at the time. Professor Leigh Hochberg performed a groundbreaking and unique experiment in the 21st century, specifically in 2006, where he successfully linked a small array to the brain of a volunteer, enabling him to move a computer's mouse pointer to draw a circle by using his brain. It was a true scientific marvel that the volunteer could draw it without using his hands, just by dreaming about drawing a circle in his head.
Professor Leigh Hochberg accomplished another scientific breakthrough six years later, when he made a totally paralyzed woman drink on her own. The machine will read its neural signals, interpret them, and realize that she is thinking of taking the cup closer to her mouth to drink, then send instructions to the robotic arm to deliver the cup to her mouth by attaching her brain to a robotic arm attached to a computer.
Science is demonstrating the capacity to comprehend the dynamic human brain over time. For the good of mankind, the better we grasp the brain, the more we will be able to replicate its capabilities.