What is the most significant event in the universe? If such a question is asked, almost all of us may be confused. I will think of various things, I will think of many things. The answer may be different. Most of those answers are more likely to be complex. We may not remember the simple answer. Because we don't think it's significant. But the truth is that if this had not happened we would not have existed. Yes, the phenomenon is the creation of matter.
We think about the creation of many things, but we do not think about the creation of mass that was at the root of those creations. We may think that the matter of mass or matter has existed forever, only that it has changed from one form to another. There is a reason behind such thinking. We have seen many such transformations from our experience, we are constantly watching. But there are many things that are beyond personal experience, they also need to think a little! Surely you are wondering, how did the matter of mass creation become the most significant event? This is because nothing in this universe would not be visible without matter. I mean, it couldn't be seen with the naked eye. The visible world around you and me is visible because they have mass, that is, material form. Let me open the matter a little.
You can share everything in the universe in many ways. The most basic part will be as follows: Energy and Matter. Now think of energy. What are your known strengths? Heat? The sound? Light? Electromagnetic energy? Let's talk about heat. You can give proof that it exists. We all know that the feeling of cold or heat is actually caused by differences in temperature. I also know the heat it takes to cook or iron clothes. I know, I understand, I feel but have I ever seen? I mean, can heat be seen? Or I know that there are words, I can hear. But have you ever seen this power? When you press the switch, the light comes on, the fan turns on, how much more. I know that electromagnetic energy is the cause. But have you ever seen that power? No, none of this can be seen. You may think, we can see the light! No, I don't. We see the results of some properties of light. Such as reflection, refraction, scattering, aberration, refraction etc. In light but we do not see, but light helps us to see. When the reflected ray falls on an object and reaches our eyes, we see that object.
So what happened? This is the power that cannot be seen. That is, if something is in the form of energy, it does not become visible, although in many ways it indicates its existence. Only those who have mass can be seen. That is, the material form. This mass created some of the 'things' in the universe that became visible. What does it mean to be made? At one time there was nothing to say mass or object? No, it really wasn't. What happened then? There was energy, just radiation of energy. We know that the universe originated through the Big Bang. This theory tells us that in the beginning, the whole universe was centered on a single point of infinite density and infinite temperature. Needless to say, there is no question of an object having an infinite temperature. Therefore it can be said with certainty that everything was in the form of energy. When the universe ages at a fraction of a billionth of a second, pairs of matter (matter quarks) and antimatter quarks (antimatter quarks) begin to form (quarks are a kind of elementary particles that collectively form heavy particles like protons and neutrons).
We now know that electrons and positrons can form pairs from energy, and that they can destroy each other. The difference between the particles and the electric charge I talked about is their electric charge. For example, electrons and positrons are antithetical to each other. Their mass is the same, but the charge is opposite. As a result, when they ever ‘meet’, that is, when there is a clash, they destroy each other and eventually energy is born again. That is, from energy comes the birth of massive particles and antiparticles, and through their destruction they return to energy. Since in those early days of the universe, when there was nothing but radiation of energy, such particles and antiparticles were appearing, and they were also destroying each other, then where did the mass or object come from? Other than that, both particles and antiparticles were being created, and the world we now live in or the world we 'see' is actually a world made up of particles, not antiparticles. If there was a world of antipathy, you would have a replica, and if you ever met, if you shook hands by mistake, you would both be destroyed. It would have generated a huge amount of energy! It's not happening anymore! So where did those antipodes go? What happened? Doesn't seem quite mysterious? Yes, it is mysterious. What kind? This is the creation and destruction of particles and antiparticles, that is, they went back to where they came from. If we call it a symmetric phenomenon, then there must have been some asymmetric phenomenon which resulted in some particles remaining. Yes, after the creation and destruction of almost every 30 million pairs of quark-antiquark, one particle-quark ‘what if’ really remained. That's why I'm calling it an asymmetrical event. So, the fact that one of the three crores of particles-quark was left is a lot like the precipitation of a chemical reaction. The reaction of two chemical elements produces such an expected compound and some unexpected precipitation. Something similar happened in those early days. But these ‘precipitation’ national particles-quarks are the only ‘things’ in the original universe that still survive, creating all the objects in this universe. How? The extra quarks that remained were densely combined to form, for the first time, heavy particles such as protons and neutrons. When the universe is only two minutes old, these protons and neutrons combine to form deuterium for the first time — an isotope of hydrogen. From one second to about three minutes old, deuterium, protons and neutrons combine to form the helium nucleus. That is why there is so much helium in the universe. Helium is still formed in the stars. But the amount of helium produced in those three minutes is greater than the total helium produced by all the stars in the universe.
However, many years after the nucleus was formed, perhaps a few thousand years later, the electrons joined together to form a chargeless atom. And who doesn't know, these atoms are the basic elements of all things. In a long process, this journey of mass creation began in a mysterious way. Resulting in our visible universe.
Scientists have been trying to understand the character of this mass for a long time. Attempts have been made to explain how an object behaves in any situation. I am not talking about it, I am talking about trying to understand the character of mass as a feature of the object. For example, in the middle of the eighteenth century, the idea arose that mass could not be created or destroyed, only transformed. That is, in an isolated system, the total mass remains the same all the time. This is known as the law of mass permanence. Again, in the nineteenth century, the source of the permanence of energy originated. According to this formula, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one state to another, the total amount of energy remains the same all the time. In this way, an attempt has been made to understand mass and energy separately, and it has also been thought to be different. At the beginning of the twentieth century, L was the formula for mass-energy equivalence. Einstein proved his famous formula E = mc2 in 1905 (here ঊ is energy, m is the mass of the object, and c is the speed of light). The essence of this idea is that mass is nothing but a measure of energy inside an object. The statement of Nityata Sutra also changed. It is said that energy can be created or destroyed, but in order to create it, an equal mass must be destroyed. And if for some reason the energy is dissipated then mass will be created. A wonderful explanation of mass creation was found in this formula. That is, mass is created from energy. And that's why a huge amount of energy is stored inside a massive object. But even then the quest to find the source of mass did not end. There is a particle mass, I understand, but where does he get the mass? How to get it, when to get it? How many questions!
In 1974, Peter Higgs, a British theoretical physicist, introduced a new concept for the origin of mass. He was not alone, but he was accompanied by scientists such as Robert Brout and François Englert. They spoke of a particle called the Higgs boson. Said, this particle is responsible for the creation of mass. The particle called God Particle or God Particle is often heard nowadays. The Higgs boson has been the talk of the world for the past few years. How did it get the name of God Particle? That's a funny thing. The famous physicist Leon Lederman named his popular science book The Goddamn Particle: If the Universe Is the Answer, What Is the Question ?, but the publisher refused to publish the book under that name. The author was able to convince the book that God Particle would be the best-selling book. The book Particle: The God Particle: If the Universe Is the Answer, What Is the Question? In the name. Readers also took the name in stride. Higgs boson became the name of God particle! The name may have been apt to imply that this particle is a matter of great difficulty in finding, and that all the mysteries of this visible universe are hidden within this particle. Anyway, how are these particles? Simply put, it was getting colder as the universe expanded rapidly after the Big Bang. After the temperature drops below a certain value, an invisible but ubiquitous field appears, called the Higgs field. And the name of the particle associated with this field is Higgs boson. The particles that interact with the Higgs boson are charged with protons, neutrons, electrons, etc. And particles that do not interact do not have mass, such as photons. This means that these particles must interact with each other in order to be charged. The more the interaction, the more mass — this is the kind of thing! Although the concept was introduced in 1984, the particle was not found in the laboratory until 2012. That year, scientists announced that they had found it. For this, Peter Higgs was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2013. God did not find the particle was found, but that is the answer to all the questions? If I ask, what was the need to create this mass with so many rules? The answer may then go to metaphysics. Since nothing would be visible if mass were not created, it may be said that nature created this mass to make itself visible. And that is why nature gives us such a beautiful outfit !
