Technology (IT) is the use of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data or information. IT is typically used within the context of business operations as opposed to personal or entertainment technologies. IT is considered to be a subset of information and communications technology (ICT). Aninformation technology system (IT system) is generally an information system, a communications system or, more specifically speaking, a computer system – including all hardware, software and peripheral equipment – operated by a limited group of users.
Humans have been storing, retrieving, manipulating, and communicating information since the Sumerians in Mesopotamia developed writing in about 3000 BC, but the term information technology in its modern sense first appeared in a 1958 article published in the Harvard Business Review; authors Harold J. Leavitt and Thomas L. Whisler commented that "the new technology does not yet have a single established name. We shall call it information technology (IT)." Their definition consists of three categories: techniques for processing, the application of statistical and mathematical methods to decision-making, and the simulation of higher-order thinking through computer programs.
The term is commonly used as a synonym for computers and computer networks, but it also encompasses other information distribution technologies such as television and telephones. Several products or services within an economy are associated with information technology, including computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet, telecom equipment, and e-commerce.
Based on the storage and processing technologies employed, it is possible to distinguish four distinct phases of IT development: pre-mechanical (3000 BC – 1450 AD), mechanical (1450–1840),electromechanical (1840–1940), and electronic (1940–present). This article focuses on the most recent period (electronic).
Necessary Types of IT Services
Hardware & Software
Hardware
Be it laptops, workstations, printers, or servers, IT hardware systems are a key ingredient for every business. However, a breakdown or hardware loss could have a severe impact on the business’ revenue and ability to deliver to the market on time.
This is where IT hardware services come into play. These services help businesses keep their computers and other hardware assets running reliably and securely. In fact, even after retiring the device, the IT service provider will remove the hard drive to ensure that the business’ data and confidential information is not vulnerable.
Software
This primarily centers on software asset management (SAM). Under SAM, businesses work to ensure that their software licenses are up-to-date and compliant with end-user agreements.
In addition, the SAM service provider will look to reduce software costs by finding unused and redundant licenses. As an example, instead of buying a new license for a new employee, the SAM service provider will first check for existing unused licenses.
Network Infrastructure
A company’s network infrastructure would typically include its internet connectivity and internal networking between computers and other devices (such as printers).
When it comes to networks, the IT services provider’s main goal is to keep the network secure from internal and external threats. It typically does this by installing and managing firewalls for preventing malicious traffic from reaching the business.
It will also monitor the network to spot and react to abnormal traffic and intrusions. Businesses with remote-access, payment systems, and other specific network types will also need around-the-clock monitoring by an IT services provider.
In addition to network systems, your provider will also help with network policies. These could include preventing outside logins into the system (e.g., from other cities, states and countries), requiring multi-factor authentication (MFA), and other steps.
Mobile Device Management
Today, employees bringing their own phones to work and using them for work purposes is the norm. However, not every business has a bring-your-own-device (BYOD) program in place to secure their data and assets on these outside devices.
An IT services provider will help implement BYOD in your organization through mobile device management (MDM). This lets you to enforce security policies on your employees’ phones.
The benefit of MDM is that it ensures that only secure devices (e.g., unrooted phones) are able to access your data and applications. And in case of lost or stolen devices, MDM will allow you to remotely wipe data from those devices, thus keeping your data secure.
Cloud Computing
A growing number of businesses are relying on the cloud to host their data. In many cases, the data includes confidential information about clients, patients, and other assets.
IT services providers help businesses manage their cloud services in two ways.
First, they help with configuring and managing the cloud system. They will help with the complex work of setting up cloud hosted applications and data as well as resolve errors and downtime.
Second, they will keep your cloud systems secure from threats, such as intrusions. The idea — as with all other types of managed IT services — is to free you to focus on your core work and not get distracted by dealing with the day-to-day upkeep of your cloud assets.
Cyber Security
Finally, cyber security applies to each of the IT services above. However, it’s worth discussing on its own because it’s a complex and constantly evolving field.
IT service providers will keep abreast of these shifts and invest in the necessary technologies and skills to keep themselves and their clients secure. In turn, you don’t need to distract your team with keeping up with these issues; instead, you just have to focus on your core work.
Finally, in addition to support in managing your IT systems, IT service providers can also help with defining and implementing your future IT projects.
Their consultants will bring their proven experience to the table and help with roadmapping your future needs. They will help you save in terms of procurement and maintenance costs while also ensuring that you meet all of your requirements.