Importance of Doa:
Rasoolullah (sm) said, الدُّعَاءُ هُوَ الْعِبَادَةُ ‘Doa is worship’. [1]
Allah says: َْدْعُونِي ََسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِيْ سَيَدَنخُلُونَ جَهَنَّمَ دَاكِرِينَ Those who turn away from My worship out of arrogance will soon enter Hell in a state of humiliation. Here ‘Ibadat’ means Doa. [2]
God also says,
وَذِذَا سَلََكَ عَنِّي فَإِنِّي قَرِيبٌ َُجِيْبُ دَعْوَةَ الدَّاعِ َِذَا دَعَانِ فَلْيَسْتُبُوْا.
‘When My servants ask you about Me, say, 'I am very close to them.' I respond to the caller's call when he calls me. So let them obey me and believe in me. So that they may be guided '(Baqarah 2/18).
The Prophet (sm) said, مَنْ لَمْ يَدْعُ اللَ اللههَ سُبْحَانَهُ غَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ ‘Whoever does not call on Allah the Almighty, he is angry with him’. [3] He said, لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ أَكْرَمَ عَلَى اللَ اللههِ سُبْحَانَهُ مِنَ الدُّعَاءِ ‘There is nothing more honorable in the sight of Allah than supplication’. [4]
Virtue of Doa: Narrated by Hazrat Abu Saeed Khudri (R) Rasoolullah (sm) said, 'When a Muslim prays for another Muslim, in which there is no sin or severance of kinship, God is pure. In return for the Doa, he is given any one of the three.
(1) Accepts his Doa quickly or
(2) Leave his reward to be paid in the Hereafter or
(3) He removed another similar trouble from him. On hearing this, the Sahabis became enthusiastic and said, "Then we will do more and more Doa." The Prophet (sm) said, Allah accepts more Doa than him. [5] For this, one should always ask Doa from each other.
Conditions for accepting Doa :
(1) To recite Hamd and Darood at the beginning and at the end
(2) Doa should be done with obedience to Allah
(3) The Doa does not mention any sin or severing kinship
(4) Food, drink and clothing to be halal and holy
(5) Not to be busy accepting Doa
(6) Not to despair and not to abandon Doa
(7) Not to do Doa indifferently and always be optimistic about accepting Doa.
However, if Allah wills, He can accept the prayers of any servant, even a disbeliever-mushrik, at any time, if he seeks forgiveness in a repentant heart.
Rule: Combine two open palms and place the Doa in front of the face. [6] At the beginning of the Doa, recite the praises of Allah and Darood on Rasulullah (sm). Then various Doa will be recited. [7] Yashifun, Wa Sala-Mun 'Alal Mursalin, Wal Hamdu Lilla-Hi Rabibal' A-Lamin 'will end the Doa at the end of the lesson.
Doa etiquette: (1) To be supplicated and secret. [8] (2) To be united with fear and desire and in a low voice or in a moderate voice. [9] (3) To be substantial and meaningful. [10]
Place and time for accepting Doa: Allah says, ‘Call on Me, I will answer your call’. [11] However, Doa cannot be done in any language other than Arabic during salat. There are certain places and times in the Hadith for Doa, which are briefly described:
(1) Doa in prostration through Doas mentioned in Hadith without Quranic Doa
(2) At the last meeting between Tashahhud and Salam
(3) Sitting on the pulpit of the Imam on the day of Jumu'ah until the salutation is returned
(4) In the night nafl salat
(5) In the state of Chiam
(6) On the 21st, 23rd, 25th, 26th and 29th odd nights of Ramazan
(6) Shafa and Marwa climbed the hill, facing the Baitullah with both hands raised
(6) Raising both hands on Arafa Maidan during Hajj
(9) Mash'arul Haram i.e. Doa in the place of Muzdalifah Mosque or outside one's place after Fajr salat of 10th Zilhajj before sunrise.
(10) On the 11th, 12th and 13th of Zilhajj, after throwing stones at the 1st and 2nd Jamara in Mina, move away and raise the Doa with both hands.
(11) In the place between Rukne Yamani and Hazare Aswad during Tawaaf of Ka'bah.
(12) ‘If you do Doa thinking that you are behind someone, that Doa is accepted. An angel is stationed there. Whenever that person prays for his brother, the angel says ‘Amen’ and says the same for you. ’[12] Apart from this, in some other places and times.
The Doa of three persons is accepted for sure:
Rasulullah (sm) said, the Doa of three persons is definitely accepted, there is no doubt about it
(1) Doa of the oppressed
(2) Doa of the traveler
(3) The Doa of the father for the child. [13] He said, ‘Beware of the Doa of the oppressed. Because there is no veil between his Doa and Allah. [14]
[1]. Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, etc., Mishkat H / 2230 ‘Doas’ Chapter-9, Chapter-2.
[2]. Ghaffer / Mumin 40/60; Interpretation of ‘Aonul Ma’bood H / 147’, ‘Doa’ paragraph-352.
[3]. Ibn Majah H / 3628 ‘Doa’ Chapter-34, ‘Do’ar Dignity’ Paragraph-1.
[4]. Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, Hadith Hasan, Mishkat H / 2232, ‘Doas’ Chapter-9, Chapter-2.
[5]. Ahmad, Hakeem, Mishkat H / 2259 ‘Doas’ Chapter-9; Sanad Hasan -Albani; Hadith Sahih, Ahmad Hasan Dehlavi, Tanqbihur Ruwat fi Takhriji Ahadichil Mishkat (Lahore: Darud Dawatis Salafiyah, 1983), 2/69 p.
[6]. Abu Dawud H / 146-6, 69; 6, Mishkat H / 2256 ‘Doas’ Chapter-9.
[7]. Abu Dawud H / 1461; Tirmidhi, Nasai, Mishkat H / 930-31 ‘Salat’ Chapter-4, ‘Recitation of Darood on Rasulullah (sm) and its virtues’ Paragraph-17; Albani, Shifat 162 p.
[8]. Araf 7/55.
[9]. Araf 7/56, 205; Friday 39 / 53-54; Isra 18/110.
[10]. Abu Dawud H / 1462; 7, Mishkat H / 2246, ‘Doas’ Chapter-9.
[11]. Ghaffer / Mumin 40/60.
[12]. Muslim, Mishkat H / 2228, ‘Doas’ Chapter-9, Chapter-1.
[13]. Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, Mishkat H / 2250, ‘Doas’ Chapter-9, Chapter-2; Sahihah H / 596.
[14]. Muttafaq ‘Alaih, Mishkat H / 162,‘ Zakat ’Chapter-7, Chapter-1.