Rose cultivation
Roses are called the queen of flowers. Roses are being cultivated commercially in Bangladesh in large plots of land and the cultivation of roses is increasing day by day and roses are making a significant contribution to the economy.
Varieties
There are countless varieties of roses around the world. Some of the species are large trees, some are bushy, some are creeping. Roses are white, red, yellow, orange, pink and mixed colors according to the varieties. In addition, Queen Elizabeth (Pink), Black Prince (Black), Irani (Pink), Mirinda (Red), Two Color Flower Eyecatcher are cultivated.
Propagation
Branch pens, chess pens, cocoon pens and eye pens are used for propagation of roses. Seedlings are produced from seeds produced for the development of new varieties.
Land selection
It is better to select fertile loam soil for rose cultivation. Roses grow well in shady high places where there is no waterlogging.
Land ready
The selected land should be plowed and leveled with 4-5 landscaping and ladders. Then dig the soil 5 cm high 3 m. x 1 m. Need to make size bed or care. Thus, after making the care at a certain distance of 60 cm. x 60 cm. Size and 45 cm. Deep holes need to be dug. The soil above the hole and the soil below should be kept separate. The hole should be kept open 15 days before planting. At this time the germs and insects in the hole die.
Fertilizer application
The fertilizers given in the table should be mixed with the soil at the top of each hole and put in the hole. Then mix 5 kg of decomposed dung, 5 kg of leaf decomposed manure and 500 g of ash well with the soil below and apply it on the top layer of the hole. After filling the hole in this way, if left for 15-20 days, the fertilizers will rot and it will be suitable for planting. In the rainy season, drainage should be made so that rain water does not accumulate at the base of the tree.
Planting seedlings or cuttings
Ashwin month is the best time to plant saplings. However, when the seedlings are planted till the month of Poush, the seedlings have to be planted by digging a small hole in the middle of the bed hole. First take out the seedlings from the polythene bag or earthen tub and cut off the weak branches, diseased roots etc. After planting the seedlings, the soil should be pressed hard at the beginning. After planting, the seedlings should be tied to a pole. Seedlings should be planted and watered at the beginning. It is better to arrange shade for 2-3 days.
Attendance
Weed control
There are many weeds in the care of roses. Weeds must be removed.
Water irrigation
The soil moisture should be checked and the roots of the trees should be irrigated in such a way that there is no shortage of sap in the soil.
Drain the water
Rose care should never be allowed to freeze. Because rose trees cannot tolerate waterlogging.
Prunning
The new branches of the rose have more flowers. So old and diseased stalks need to be pruned. When the stalks of the rose tree are pruned every year, the structure of the tree becomes beautiful and strong and large size flowers bloom at a higher rate.
Twenty pruning of flowers
After pruning for a long time, many leaves and buds grow on the branches of the root tree. If all the buds bloom, the flower does not grow much. So for the big flowers to bloom, the original buds have to be cut off with a sharp knife.
Insect spider management
Among the insects seen in rose trees are red scale and beetle.
Red scale
This insect looks a lot like dead skin. Its attack is more observed in the rainy season during the summer. This insect sucks the juice of the bark of the tree. As a result, small black spots appear on the bark. Infected trees die if left untreated. If the number of trees is less, brushing the affected area with a toothbrush will kill the insects. This insect can be controlled by applying Malathion or Diazinon medicine.
Beetle
Insect infestation is observed at the end of winter. This insect eats young leaves and flower petals of trees. Usually attacks at night. These insects can be controlled to get light traps. This insect can be controlled by spraying Malathion or Dimecron.
Disease management
There are many diseases in roses. Among them black spot disease, dieback and powdery mildew are the main ones.
Black spot disease
It is a fungal disease. The leaves of the diseased tree have round black spots. The leaves of the affected tree fall off and the tree becomes leafless. The disease attacks from Chaitra to Kartik. To cure this disease, balanced fertilizer should be applied to the plant. Care should be taken so that water does not accumulate at the base of the tree. In addition, the disease can be controlled by applying fungicides. Infected leaves have to be cut and burnt.
Dieback
The disease attacks the cut place of pruning. In this disease, the branches or stems of the tree turn black from the head and die downwards. These symptoms gradually reach the roots through the stems and the whole plant dies. In order to control this disease, the affected stems or branches should be cut from the very bottom and burnt. Pulses pruning should be done with a disinfectant. The cut area should be wiped with spirit.
Powdery Mildew
It is a fungal disease. The disease spreads during winter fog. Infected with this disease, white powder can be seen on the leaves, buds and buds. As a result, the buds do not bloom and get damaged. In order to control this disease, the affected tip or leaf should be removed and burnt. In addition, thiovit or sulfur dithane M-45 can be mixed with water and sprayed once a week to cure the disease.
Flower collection
Flowers have to be collected from the tree before flowering. After collection, the lower part of the flower data is dipped in clean water and kept in a cool place. Sometimes it is better to sprinkle water on the swelling.
Cap technology in rose cultivation
Although cap technology is a successful and popular technology in rose cultivation, it can be said that it is not used in Bangladesh. The price of the rose that is currently two rupees, as a result of the use of cap technology, the quality of the flower has increased to 10 rupees. Not only that, the flower is suitable for export to the international market. And the cost for using this technology is only 50 paisa per flower.
Chinese flowers are in high demand in the international market. The florists of that country regularly use rose caps to produce high quality roses. Rosecap is a type of plastic cap with elastic quality. After the rose buds come out, the cap has to be put on the buds. This protects the rose bud and protects it from insects and all kinds of natural disasters. As this cap is resilient, the cap grows as the bud grows. This is why the bud inside the cap blooms as a high quality full-grown rose. Having the cap on the outside of the rose does not cause any damage to the flower in flower collection, transportation and marketing.
Flower growers are still unaware of the use of this technology called Rosecap for the production of high quality roses in Bangladesh. That is why this cap is not made in the country and there is no system for import. Recently, some entrepreneurs have benefited from using some caps from China. This includes Sardar Nursery in Gadkhali. Rustam Ali Sardar, the owner of the nursery, said that the flowers that used to bloom used to be sold for two rupees each. Now that flower is of such high quality that its price has gone up to 10 rupees. Not only that, all these flowers are of export quality. However, this cap is not available as per the demand as it is not imported. They demanded the import of rose caps for the production of exportable flowers for the welfare of florists, especially in the interest of earning foreign exchange through flower exports.
The biggest problem in floriculture in Bangladesh is that there is no experienced agricultural officer in floriculture and no advice is available from the Department of Agriculture. The planting of flowers over the last three decades depends a lot on speculation. Florists often suffer losses when they go to work. There is ample opportunity to create a flower market in Bangladesh abroad beyond the borders of the country, but this requires the use of new technology and the production of flowers of international quality. Rosecap technology is definitely a good initiative in this regard.
There is no substitute for adopting new technologies to add value to the crop or product produced. In this time of free market economy, it is essential to adopt new technology to survive in the domestic or international market. In our country, the use of flowers on various days and occasions is now almost essential. And so the area under floriculture in the country is increasing every year along with the demand. At present, the flower business imported from abroad is also quite flourishing in Dhaka. It is possible to encourage rose cultivation in the country by importing rose caps from abroad on private initiative. At the same time, various government nursery and horticulture departments can take effective steps to expand this technology.