Aquaculture in the English sense is aquaculture, namely aqua is water, while culture is cultivation, so it means aquaculture or fisheries.
This aquaculture is usually used as a means of fish farming by producing aquatic biota or organisms in a controlled environment.
In doing aquaculture, human intervention is needed and requires great efforts to increase water productivity through cultivation or maintenance activities, for example by doing reproduction, growth and improving the quality of aquatic biota if this is done properly the benefits will be great too.
Aquatic has only one organism, namely fish, therefore the definition of fish is very broadly defined as an aquatic organism which includes fish, shrimp, crabs, echinoderms, and algae.
Scope
The scope of aquaculture or aquaculture is very broad when viewed from various angles of the field. The following are the types contained in the scope:
1. Based on spatial
The scope of this cultivation can be done on land and at sea. If on land such as mountainous areas, hills, lowlands, and lowlands. In the sea such as beaches, river mouths, bays, straits, and shallow waters, as long as water is still available.
2. Based on Water source
The water used can be treated based on salinity or salt content such as fresh water, brackish water, and marine waters. Fresh water is found on land such as rivers, springs, lakes, and others. Meanwhile, in coastal areas such as beaches, and areas that are still affected by the tides.
3. Based on activities
Aquaculture activities can be grouped into on-farm activities and can be said to be production activities until harvesting, while off-farm activities
where this activity requires facilities and infrastructure. This activity system also requires a subsystem in which this subsystem consists of production infrastructure, production processes, post-harvest and marketing, to supporting subsystems.
OBJECTIVE
Actually, the specific purpose of aquaculture is to produce aquatic biotics to meet human needs in terms of food and non-food. In full, the objectives of aquaculture include the following:
1. As Food production
2. Updating the stock of aquatic biotic in nature
3. As bait supplies
4. Recycle or reprocess organic waste
5. As Recreation
6. Production of industrial raw materials
FISHERIES CULTIVATION COMMODITIES:
Commodities are simply defined as biotic cultivation in the sense of wide-ranging fish such as consumption and ornamental fish. The purpose of consumption fish is to meet food or daily needs while the production of ornamental fish is only a source of entertainment or recreation as a secondary or tertiary human need.
Due to the large number of commodities in aquaculture, it is necessary to have groupings to facilitate the introduction and development of aquaculture commodities. The grouping is based on several things as follows:
1. This morphology does not only consist of fish but also includes a wide range of fish, such as fish, shrimp, molluscs, echinoderms, and algae. This grouping is based on the biological properties of commodities and morphological characteristics. This grouping is often used as terminology and fisheries statistics.
2. Habitats are usually known as natural or living places which usually consist of fresh water, brackish water and sea water. Usually this habitat grouping consists of groups of fish, shrimp, molluscs, echinoderms, and algae.
3. The taxonomy of this grouping is based on the family level in the classification of organisms.
4. Food habits are usually grouped based on the type of food such as herbivorous fish, omnivores, and also carnivores
5. Geographical distribution grouping based on distribution on the earth's surface.
